National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Resilience, Tsukuba, 305-0006, Ibaraki, Japan.
Earthquake Research Institute, the University of Tokyo, 113-0032, Tokyo, Japan.
Science. 2022 Jul;377(6601):91-94. doi: 10.1126/science.abo4364. Epub 2022 May 12.
On 15 January 2022, the Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai volcano erupted, producing tsunamis worldwide including first waves which arrived more than 2 hours earlier than what is expected for conventional tsunamis. We investigated the generation and propagation mechanisms of the tsunami "forerunner," and our simulation found that fast-moving atmospheric Lamb waves drove the leading sea height rise whereas the scattering of the leading waves related to bathymetric variations in the Pacific Ocean produced subsequent long-lasting tsunamis. Tsunamis arriving later than the conventionally expected travel time are composed of various waves generated from both moving and static sources, which makes the tsunami, due to this eruption, much more complex and longer-lasting than ordinary earthquake-induced tsunamis.
2022 年 1 月 15 日，洪加汤加-洪加哈派火山喷发，在全球范围内引发海啸，包括首批海啸比传统海啸预计到达时间早 2 个多小时。我们研究了海啸“先兆”的产生和传播机制，我们的模拟发现，快速移动的大气兰姆波驱动了领先的海面高度上升，而与太平洋水深变化有关的主导波的散射产生了随后持续时间长的海啸。比传统预计传播时间晚到达的海啸由来自移动和静态源的各种波组成，这使得由于这次喷发而产生的海啸比普通地震引发的海啸更复杂、持续时间更长。
