Caroz-Armayones Josep M, Benach Joan, Delclós Carlos, Julià Mireia
Health Inequalities Research Group, Employment Conditions Knowledge Network (GREDS-EMCONET), Department of Political and Social Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain.
JHU-UPF Public Policy Center, Department of Political and Social Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain.
Int J Environ Health Res. 2023 Nov;33(11):1102-1111. doi: 10.1080/09603123.2022.2075330. Epub 2022 May 12.
Employment precariousness is widely recognised as a social determinant of health and a chronic stressor. Yet precariousness extends beyond employment, into other aspects of life. Using a multidimensional social pathways approach, this study examines the synergistic effects of employment and housing precariousness on self-perceived stress. This study uses the PRESSED dataset ( = 255) derived from the Barcelona Health Survey, which collects data on stress using the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS). Employment precariousness was operationalized using the Employment Precariousness Scale (EPRES) and a multidimensional indicator of housing precariousness was constructed. Generalized structural equation modelling was used to estimate associations between these indicators and self-perceived stress measured by Perceived Stress Survey (PSS), after accounting for sociodemographic variables. Employment and housing precariousness were positively associated with self-perceived stress (OR = 3.23 ; = 0.002) (OR = 4.28 ; = 0.065) respectively. The mediating effect of housing precariousness accounted for 16% of the total effect of employment precariousness on stress after controlling for sociodemographic variables. Furthermore, we find that both precarious conditions were unequally distributed by age, sex educational level, and place of birth in the sample. We conclude that employment and housing precariousness are important chronic stressors and that a social pathway approach is needed.
就业不稳定被广泛认为是健康的社会决定因素和一种慢性应激源。然而，不稳定不仅限于就业，还延伸到生活的其他方面。本研究采用多维社会路径方法，考察就业和住房不稳定对自我感知压力的协同效应。本研究使用了源自巴塞罗那健康调查的PRESSED数据集（n = 255），该数据集使用感知压力量表（PSS）收集压力数据。就业不稳定通过就业不稳定量表（EPRES）进行操作化，并构建了住房不稳定的多维指标。在考虑社会人口学变量后，使用广义结构方程模型来估计这些指标与通过感知压力调查（PSS）测量的自我感知压力之间的关联。就业和住房不稳定分别与自我感知压力呈正相关（OR = 3.23；p = 0.002）（OR = 4.28；p = 0.065）。在控制社会人口学变量后，住房不稳定的中介效应占就业不稳定对压力总效应的16%。此外，我们发现，在样本中，这两种不稳定状况在年龄、性别、教育水平和出生地方面分布不均。我们得出结论，就业和住房不稳定是重要的慢性应激源，需要采用社会路径方法。
