Department of Medical Social Sciences, Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences (DevSci), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, USA.
Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, Global Commercial Strategy Organization, USA.
J Pediatr Psychol. 2022 May 13;47(5):573-584. doi: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsac031.
Apply the Patient-Reported Outcome Measurement Information System (PROMIS®) mixed-methods approach to develop and validate new parent-report measures of young children's (1-5 years) family and peer relationships that conceptually align to those for 5-17 year olds.
Expert input, parent interviews, and reviews of theoretical and empirical literature were used to develop draft item pools, which were administered in two waves of panel surveys (N = 1,750). Psychometric evaluation was conducted using item response theory-based methods. Scores were normed to the general U.S. population. Initial validation analyses were conducted using Pearson's correlations and analysis of variance to examine known-group differences between children with various health conditions.
Experts and parents confirmed the content validity of existing PROMIS family and peer relationships domain frameworks and suggested adding child-caregiver interactions and empathic behaviors, respectively. Bi-factor model analysis supported sufficient unidimensionality where family and peer relationships were modeled as distinct subdomains of a broader concept, Social Relationships. The new measure was robust in discriminating young children with poor social relationships. Correlational and known-group analyses revealed positive associations with general health and well-being and negative associations with emotional and physical distress.
The PROMIS Early Childhood Parent-Report Social Relationships item bank enables clinicians and researchers a brief, efficient, and precise way to evaluate early relational health. Subdomain short forms also offer the ability to assess specific components (i.e., child-caregiver, family, and peer) for more targeted interventions and analyses.
应用患者报告结局测量信息系统（PROMIS®）混合方法，开发和验证新的父母报告幼儿（1-5 岁）家庭和同伴关系的测量工具，这些工具在概念上与 5-17 岁儿童的测量工具相一致。
专家意见、父母访谈以及对理论和实证文献的审查用于开发草案项目池，这些项目池在两轮小组调查（N=1750）中进行了管理。使用基于项目反应理论的方法进行心理测量评估。分数以美国普通人群为标准进行了标准化。使用 Pearson 相关分析和方差分析对具有不同健康状况的儿童之间的已知组差异进行了初始验证分析。
专家和家长确认了现有 PROMIS 家庭和同伴关系领域框架的内容有效性，并分别建议添加儿童与照顾者的互动和同理心行为。双因素模型分析支持足够的单维性，即将家庭和同伴关系建模为更广泛的社会关系概念的不同子领域。新的测量工具在区分社交关系较差的幼儿方面具有很强的区分力。相关和已知组分析显示，与一般健康和幸福感呈正相关，与情绪和身体困扰呈负相关。
PROMIS 幼儿父母报告社会关系项目库使临床医生和研究人员能够以简短、高效和精确的方式评估早期的关系健康。子领域简短形式也提供了评估特定组件（即儿童与照顾者、家庭和同伴）的能力，以进行更有针对性的干预和分析。
