Department of Design, Faculty of Fine Art, Music and Design, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
Clinical Research Development Unit of Poursina Hospital, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
Front Public Health. 2022 Apr 26;10:828845. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.828845. eCollection 2022.
The emergence of SARS-CoV2 in 2019 showed again that the world's healthcare system is not fully equipped and well-designed for preventing the transmission of nosocomial respiratory infections. One of the great tools for preventing the spread of infectious organisms in hospitals is the anteroom. Several articles have investigated the role of the anteroom in disease control but the lack of a comprehensive study in this field prompted us to provide more in-depth information to fill this gap. Also, this study aimed to assess the necessity to construct an anteroom area for hospital staff members at the entrance of each ward of the hospital, and specify the equipment and facilities which make the anteroom more efficient. Articles were identified through searches of Scopus, Web of Sciences, PubMed, and Embase for studies published in English until May 2020 reporting data on the effect of the anteroom (vestibule) area in controlling hospital infections. Data from eligible articles were extracted and presented according to PRISMA's evidence-based data evaluation search strategy. Also, details around the review aims and methods were registered with the PROSPERO. From the database, 209 articles were identified, of which 25 studies met the study criteria. Most studies demonstrated that an anteroom significantly enhances practical system efficiency. The results showed that the equipment such as ventilation system, high-efficiency particulate absorption filter, hand dispensers, alcohol-based disinfection, sink, mirror, transparent panel, UVC disinfection, and zone for PPE change, and parameters like temperature, door type, pressure, and size of the anteroom are factors that are effective on the safety of the hospital environment. Studies demonstrated that providing an anteroom for changing clothing and storing equipment may be useful in reducing the transmission of airborne infections in hospitals. Since the transmission route of SARS-CoV2 is common with other respiratory infectious agents, it can be concluded that a well-designed anteroom could potentially decrease the risk of SARS-CoV2 transmission during hospitalization as well.
2019 年 SARS-CoV2 的出现再次表明，世界上的医疗保健系统在预防医院内呼吸道感染的传播方面并没有完全配备和设计完善。防止医院内传染病传播的重要工具之一是前厅。有几篇文章研究了前厅在疾病控制中的作用，但该领域缺乏全面的研究促使我们提供更深入的信息来填补这一空白。此外，本研究旨在评估在医院每个病房入口处为医院工作人员建造前厅区域的必要性，并确定使前厅更有效的设备和设施。通过在 Scopus、Web of Sciences、PubMed 和 Embase 上搜索发表于 2020 年 5 月之前的以评估前厅（前厅）区域在控制医院感染方面效果的英文文章，确定了文章。从符合条件的文章中提取数据，并根据 PRISMA 的循证数据评估搜索策略进行呈现。此外，还在 PROSPERO 上注册了围绕审查目的和方法的详细信息。从数据库中确定了 209 篇文章，其中 25 项研究符合研究标准。大多数研究表明，前厅显著提高了实际系统效率。结果表明，通风系统、高效颗粒吸收过滤器、手动分配器、酒精基消毒剂、水槽、镜子、透明板、UVC 消毒剂、PPE 变化区以及温度、门类型、压力等设备参数和前厅的大小是对医院环境安全有影响的因素。研究表明，提供一个更换衣物和存放设备的前厅可能有助于减少医院内空气传播感染的传播。由于 SARS-CoV2 的传播途径与其他呼吸道传染病相同，因此可以得出结论，设计良好的前厅可能有助于降低住院期间 SARS-CoV2 传播的风险。
