Microbial Biotechnology Research Group, Microbiology Study Program, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Labtek XI Jalan Ganesa 10, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia.
Microarray Research Team, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, 113 Thailand Science Park, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang District, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand.
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2022 May;106(9-10):3751-3764. doi: 10.1007/s00253-022-11966-3. Epub 2022 May 14.
The emergence of Vibrio diseases, including acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND) caused by Vibrio spp., had resulted in heavy losses in global shrimp production. Biofloc technology is a closed aquaculture system developed as one of the sustainable solutions to increase system resilience in the shrimp industry. In this study, biofloc was formed externally (ex situ biofloc) with probiotics Bacillus sp. strain BME and Bacillus sp. strain BCE, diatom microalgae Chaetoceros calcitrans, and a consortium of nitrifying bacteria, in the ratio of 1:1:6:6 as a starter. The study showed that the ex situ biofloc supplementation in Pacific whiteleg shrimp (L. vannamei) postlarvae culture can increase the shrimp culture performance (shrimp survival and growth), reduce Vibrio counts in the water and shrimp body, and provide stimulation of the shrimp immune response through humoral immune responses, such as pattern recognition protein (C-type lectin) and melanization process (proPO). Overall, the results indicate that the supplementation of ex situ biofloc provided protection to shrimp under Vibrio infection, regardless of the timing of addition (before, simultaneously, or after addition of Vibrio sp. strain VPA). This suggests that the ex situ biofloc can be effective as a preventive and a supportive treatment against potential AHPND infection in L. vannamei postlarvae culture. Taken together, the ability of the ex situ biofloc to modulate immune-related gene expression and resistance of L. vannamei against potentially AHPND-causing Vibrio sp. strain makes it an effective aquaculture technology for infectious disease control in shrimp production with high-density and minimal water exchange culture. KEY POINTS: • Supplementation of ex situ produced biofloc in shrimp postlarvae culture. • Ex situ biofloc reduces Vibrio counts in the water and shrimp body. • Ex situ biofloc stimulates shrimp humoral immune responses and survival.
弧菌病（包括由弧菌引起的急性肝胰腺坏死病）的出现导致了全球虾类养殖的重大损失。生物絮团技术是一种封闭式水产养殖系统，作为增加虾类产业系统弹性的可持续解决方案之一而被开发。在本研究中，以 1:1:6:6 的比例，使用益生菌芽孢杆菌 BME 和芽孢杆菌 BCE、硅藻微藻角毛藻和硝化细菌联合体，在外部形成生物絮团（异位生物絮团）作为起始生物絮团。研究表明，在凡纳滨对虾（L. vannamei）幼虾养殖中补充异位生物絮团可以提高虾类养殖性能（虾的成活率和生长），降低水中和虾体内的弧菌数量，并通过体液免疫反应（如模式识别蛋白（C 型凝集素）和黑化过程（原卟啉原氧化酶））刺激虾的免疫反应。总体而言，结果表明，无论添加时间（在添加弧菌菌株 VPA 之前、同时或之后）如何，异位生物絮团的补充都能为虾提供抗弧菌感染的保护。这表明异位生物絮团可以作为一种有效的预防和支持性治疗方法，用于预防凡纳滨对虾幼虾养殖中潜在的 AHPND 感染。总之，异位生物絮团调节凡纳滨对虾免疫相关基因表达和对潜在引起 AHPND 的弧菌菌株的抗性的能力，使其成为一种有效的水产养殖技术，可用于高密度和最小化水交换的虾类养殖中的传染病控制。关键点：• 在虾幼虾养殖中补充异位生物絮团。• 异位生物絮团降低水中和虾体内的弧菌数量。• 异位生物絮团刺激虾的体液免疫反应和成活率。
