Department of Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Cell Mol Biol Lett. 2022 May 13;27(1):38. doi: 10.1186/s11658-022-00339-3.
Designing and producing an effective vaccine is the best possible way to reduce the burden and spread of a disease. During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, many large pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies invested a great deal of time and money in trying to control and combat the disease. In this regard, due to the urgent need, many vaccines are now available earlier than scheduled. Based on their manufacturing technology, the vaccines available for COVID-19 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SAR-CoV2)) infection can be classified into four platforms: RNA vaccines, adenovirus vector vaccines, subunit (protein-based) vaccines, and inactivated virus vaccines. Moreover, various drugs have been deemed to negatively affect the progression of the infection via various actions. However, adaptive variants of the SARS-CoV-2 genome can alter the pathogenic potential of the virus and increase the difficulty of both drug and vaccine development. In this review, along with drugs used in COVID-19 treatment, currently authorized COVID-19 vaccines as well as variants of the virus are described and evaluated, considering all platforms.
设计和生产有效的疫苗是减轻疾病负担和传播的最佳方法。在 2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行期间，许多大型制药和生物技术公司投入了大量的时间和资金来试图控制和对抗这种疾病。在这方面，由于迫切需要，许多疫苗现在比计划提前上市。根据其制造技术，可用于 COVID-19（严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒 2（SAR-CoV2））感染的疫苗可分为四个平台：RNA 疫苗、腺病毒载体疫苗、亚单位（基于蛋白质）疫苗和灭活病毒疫苗。此外，各种药物已被认为通过各种作用对感染的进展产生负面影响。然而，SARS-CoV-2 基因组的适应性变体可以改变病毒的致病潜力，并增加药物和疫苗开发的难度。在这篇综述中，考虑到所有平台，描述和评估了 COVID-19 治疗中使用的药物、目前授权的 COVID-19 疫苗以及病毒的变体。
