Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, Ciudad Juárez 32310, Mexico.
Facultad de Ciencias de la Actividad Física, Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, Ciudad Juárez 32310, Mexico.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Apr 21;19(9):5072. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19095072.
Although it is common to measure bone lengths for study, methodological errors in data measurement and processing often invalidate their clinical and scientific usefulness. This manuscript reviews the validity of several published equations used to determine the maximum height in older adults, since height is an anthropometric parameter widely employed in health sciences. A systematic review of original articles published in the English, Spanish, or Portuguese languages was performed in PubMed, ScienceDirect, EBSCO, Springer Link, and two institutional publisher integrators (UACJ and CONRICYT). The search terms were included in the metasearch engines in a combined way and text form using the Boolean connectors AND and OR {(Determination OR Estimation OR Equation) AND Height AND (Elderly OR "Older adults")}. Eleven manuscripts were selected from 1935 records identified through database searching after applying the following criteria: (1) original articles that designed and validated equations for the determination of height by anthropometric methods in adults 60 years of age and older and (2) manuscripts that presented robust evidence of validation of the proposed regression models. The validity of the reported linear regression models was assessed throughout a manuscript review process called multi-objective optimization that considered the collection of the models, the prediction errors, and the adjustment values (i.e., R, standard error of estimation, and pure error). A total of 64 equations were designed and validated in 45,449 participants (57.1% women) from four continents: America (85.3%, with 46 equations), Asia (8.1%, with 10), Europe (4.6%, with 7), and Africa (2.0%, with 1); the Hispanic American ethnic group was the most numerous in participants and equations (69.0%, with 28). Due to various omissions and methodological errors, this study did not find any valid and reliable equations to assess the maximum height in older adults by anthropometric methods. It is proposed to adjust allometric mathematical models that can be interpreted in the light of ontogenetic processes.
尽管测量骨长度在研究中很常见，但数据测量和处理方法中的错误常常使它们失去临床和科学价值。本文综述了几种已发表的用于确定老年人最大身高的方程的有效性，因为身高是健康科学中广泛使用的人体测量参数。在 PubMed、ScienceDirect、EBSCO、Springer Link 和两个机构出版商集成商（UACJ 和 CONRICYT）中，对发表在英语、西班牙语或葡萄牙语中的原始文章进行了系统综述。搜索词以组合方式和文本形式包含在元搜索引擎中，使用布尔连接器 AND 和 OR {(Determination OR Estimation OR Equation) AND Height AND (Elderly OR "Older adults")}。通过数据库搜索共确定了 1935 条记录，经过以下标准筛选后，共选出 11 篇文章：(1) 用人体测量方法设计和验证 60 岁及以上成年人身高方程的原始文章；(2) 提出的回归模型验证具有稳健证据的文章。通过一个名为多目标优化的手稿审查过程评估报告线性回归模型的有效性，该过程考虑了模型的收集、预测误差和调整值（即 R、估计标准误差和纯误差）。在四大洲（美洲 85.3%，46 个方程；亚洲 8.1%，10 个方程；欧洲 4.6%，7 个方程；非洲 2.0%，1 个方程）的 45449 名参与者（57.1%为女性）中设计并验证了 64 个方程；在参与者和方程数量上，西班牙裔美国人是最多的（69.0%，28 个方程）。由于各种遗漏和方法学错误，本研究未发现任何用于通过人体测量法评估老年人最大身高的有效且可靠的方程。建议调整可以根据个体发育过程进行解释的比例数学模型。
