Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Tajo Street, s/n, 28670 Madrid, Spain.
Grupo de Investigación en Cultura, Educación y Sociedad, Universidad de la Costa, Barranquilla 080002, Colombia.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Apr 27;19(9):5321. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19095321.
In this narrative review, we address the COVID-19 pandemic mis-dis information crisis in which healthcare systems have been pushed to their limits, with collapses occurring worldwide. The context of uncertainty has resulted in skepticism, confusion, and general malaise among the population. Informing the public has been one of the major challenges during this pandemic. Misinformation is defined as false information shared by people who have no intention of misleading others. Disinformation is defined as false information deliberately created and disseminated with malicious intentions.
To reach a consensus and critical review about mis-dis information in COVID-19 crisis.
A database search was conducted in PsychINFO, MedLine (Pubmed), Cochrane (Wiley), Embase and CinAhl. Databases used the MeSH-compliant keywords of COVID-19, 2019-nCoV, Coronavirus 2019, SARS-CoV-2, misinformation, disinformation, information, vaccines, vaccination, origin, target, spread, communication.
Both misinformation and disinformation can affect the population's confidence in vaccines (development, safety, and efficacy of vaccines, as well as denial of the severity of SARS-CoV infection). Institutions should take into account that a great part of the success of the intervention to combat a pandemic has a relationship with the power to stop the misinformation and disinformation processes. The response should be well-structured and addressed from different key points: central level and community level, with official and centralized communication channels. The approach should be multifactorial and enhanced by the collaboration of social media companies to stop misleading information, and trustworthy people both working or not working in the health care systems to boost the power of the message.
The response should be well-structured and addressed from different key points: central level and community level, with official and clearly centralized communication channels. The approach should be multifactorial and enhanced from the collaboration of social media companies to stop misleading information, and trustworthy people both working and not working in the health care systems to boost the power of a message based on scientific evidence.
在本次叙述性综述中，我们探讨了 COVID-19 大流行期间错误信息危机，在此期间，医疗系统承受着巨大压力，世界各地的医疗系统都出现了崩溃。在这种不确定的情况下，公众产生了怀疑、困惑和普遍的不适。在大流行期间，向公众提供信息是主要挑战之一。错误信息是指那些没有误导他人意图的人分享的虚假信息。虚假信息是指具有恶意意图故意创建和传播的虚假信息。
就 COVID-19 危机中的错误信息和虚假信息达成共识并进行批判性评价。
在 PsychINFO、MedLine（Pubmed）、Cochrane（Wiley）、Embase 和 CinAhl 数据库中进行了数据库检索。数据库使用了符合 MeSH 的 COVID-19、2019-nCoV、冠状病毒 2019、SARS-CoV-2、错误信息、虚假信息、信息、疫苗、接种、起源、目标、传播、沟通等关键词。
错误信息和虚假信息都会影响公众对疫苗的信心（疫苗的开发、安全性和有效性，以及对 SARS-CoV 感染严重程度的否认）。各机构应考虑到，干预大流行取得成功的很大一部分原因在于有能力阻止错误信息和虚假信息的传播。应对措施应该有组织、有结构，从不同的关键点展开：中央层面和社区层面，通过官方和集中的沟通渠道。方法应该是多方面的，并通过社交媒体公司的合作加以增强，以阻止误导性信息，以及利用那些在卫生保健系统工作或不工作的可信人士来增强信息的影响力。
应对措施应该有组织、有结构，从不同的关键点展开：中央层面和社区层面，通过官方和明确集中的沟通渠道。方法应该是多方面的，并通过社交媒体公司的合作加以增强，以阻止误导性信息，以及利用那些在卫生保健系统工作或不工作的可信人士来增强信息的影响力，信息应该基于科学证据。
