Jia Li, Wang Jinpeng, Luoreng Zhuoma, Wang Xingping, Wei Dawei, Yang Jian, Hu Qichao, Ma Yun
School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China.
Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular Cell Breeding, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan 750021, China.
Animals (Basel). 2022 Apr 20;12(9):1059. doi: 10.3390/ani12091059.
Bovine mastitis is an inflammatory disease caused by pathogenic microbial infection, trauma, or other factors. Its morbidity is high, and it is difficult to cure, causing great harm to the health of cows and the safety of dairy products. Susceptibility or resistance to mastitis in individual cows is mainly determined by genetic factors, including coding genes and non-coding genes. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a class of endogenous non-coding RNA molecules with a length of more than 200 nucleotides (nt) that have recently been discovered. They can regulate the immune response of humans and animals on three levels (transcription, epigenetic modification, and post-transcription), and are widely involved in the pathological process of inflammatory diseases. Over the past few years, extensive findings revealed basic roles of lncRNAs in inflammation, especially bovine mastitis. This paper reviews the expression pattern and mechanism of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) in inflammatory diseases, emphasizes on the latest research progress of the lncRNA expression pattern and molecular regulatory mechanism in bovine mastitis, analyzes the molecular regulatory network of differentially expressed lncRNAs, and looks forward to the research and application prospect of lncRNA in bovine mastitis, laying a foundation for molecular breeding and the biological therapy of bovine mastitis.
奶牛乳腺炎是由病原微生物感染、创伤或其他因素引起的炎症性疾病。其发病率高，难以治愈，对奶牛健康和乳制品安全造成极大危害。个体奶牛对乳腺炎的易感性或抗性主要由遗传因素决定，包括编码基因和非编码基因。长链非编码RNA（lncRNA）是一类最近发现的长度超过200个核苷酸（nt）的内源性非编码RNA分子。它们可以在转录、表观遗传修饰和转录后三个水平上调节人和动物的免疫反应，并广泛参与炎症性疾病的病理过程。在过去几年中，大量研究结果揭示了lncRNA在炎症尤其是奶牛乳腺炎中的基本作用。本文综述了长链非编码RNA（lncRNA）在炎症性疾病中的表达模式和机制，着重阐述了lncRNA在奶牛乳腺炎中的表达模式和分子调控机制的最新研究进展，分析了差异表达lncRNA的分子调控网络，并展望了lncRNA在奶牛乳腺炎中的研究和应用前景，为奶牛乳腺炎的分子育种和生物治疗奠定基础。
