Wang Jie, Zhao Kaisen, Kang Zhe, Wang Meigui, Chen Yang, Fan Huimei, Xia Siqi, Lai Songjia
College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Campus, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
Animals (Basel). 2022 May 6;12(9):1194. doi: 10.3390/ani12091194.
With the comprehensive prohibition of antibiotics in the feed industry in China, the incidence of diarrhea in rabbits increased, such as loss of appetite, vomiting, and excretion of atheromatous feces. In order to explore the pathological and the molecular mechanisms of the diarrhea in the rabbitry fed with antibiotic-free diet, we used microbial metagenomics, transcriptome, and non-targeted metabolomics sequencing. The results showed that the Firmicutes level was significantly decreased (p < 0.001) and the Proteobacteria level was significantly increased (p < 0.05). The functional enrichment of cecum revealed that most differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were expressed in immune, inflammatory, and metabolic processes. The enrichment of the cecal fecal metabolites focused on the bile secretion, antifolate resistance, and tryptophan metabolism pathways, which are mainly associated with inflammation. The results of correlation analysis showed that Fournierella was positively correlated with myricetin, ursolic acid, and furtherly might cause bile secretion and tryptophan metabolism disorder, aggravate intestinal inflammation, change intestinal permeability, and reduce host immunity, leading to diarrhea in rabbits. This study provides a theoretical basis for illustrating the reason for diarrhea and developing new feeds for the health of rabbits.
随着中国饲料行业全面禁止使用抗生素，家兔腹泻的发生率有所增加，如食欲不振、呕吐和排出粥样粪便。为了探究无抗生素日粮饲养的家兔腹泻的病理及分子机制，我们采用了微生物宏基因组学、转录组学和非靶向代谢组学测序。结果显示，厚壁菌门水平显著降低（p < 0.001），变形菌门水平显著升高（p < 0.05）。盲肠功能富集表明，大多数差异表达基因（DEGs）在免疫、炎症和代谢过程中表达。盲肠粪便代谢物的富集集中在胆汁分泌、抗叶酸抗性和色氨酸代谢途径，这些主要与炎症相关。相关性分析结果表明，Fournierella与杨梅素、熊果酸呈正相关，进而可能导致胆汁分泌和色氨酸代谢紊乱，加重肠道炎症，改变肠道通透性，降低宿主免疫力，导致家兔腹泻。本研究为阐明腹泻原因及开发有利于家兔健康的新型饲料提供了理论依据。
