Sands Lauren B, Cheek Taylor, Reynolds Joseph, Ma Yi, Berkowitz Gerald A
Agricultural Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.
Plants (Basel). 2022 Apr 27;11(9):1178. doi: 10.3390/plants11091178.
Pathogen-associated molecular patterns, PAMPs, are a diverse group of molecules associated with pathogenic microbes and are known to activate immune response and in some cases enhance growth in plants. Two PAMPs, harpin and flg22, have shown these affects in various plant species. PAMPs are known to activate basal immunity, the ethylene signaling pathway, alter gene expression and change plant composition. Pretreatment with harpin enhanced hemp seedling resistance to , while flg22 failed to induce the defense mechanism towards . In the absence of the pathogen, both harpin and flg22 enhanced seedling growth when compared to the water control. Ethylene is a hormone involved in both plant defense signaling and growth. Both harpin and flg22 pretreatment induced certain ethylene responsive genes but not all the genes examined, indicating that harpin and flg22 act differently in ethylene and potentially defense signaling. In addition, both harpin and flg22 induced and , two marker genes for plant innate immunity. Both PAMPs can enhance growth but likely induce different defense signaling pathways.
病原体相关分子模式（PAMPs）是一类与致病微生物相关的多样化分子，已知可激活免疫反应，在某些情况下还能促进植物生长。两种PAMPs，即harpin和flg22，已在多种植物物种中表现出这些作用。已知PAMPs可激活基础免疫、乙烯信号通路、改变基因表达并改变植物组成。用harpin预处理可增强大麻幼苗对……的抗性，而flg22未能诱导对……的防御机制。在没有病原体的情况下，与水对照相比，harpin和flg22均能促进幼苗生长。乙烯是一种参与植物防御信号传导和生长的激素。harpin和flg22预处理均诱导了某些乙烯反应基因，但并非所有检测的基因，这表明harpin和flg22在乙烯和潜在的防御信号传导中作用不同。此外，harpin和flg22均诱导了……和……，这是植物固有免疫的两个标记基因。两种PAMPs都能促进生长，但可能诱导不同的防御信号通路。
