Rajagopal Mogana, Paul Alok K, Lee Ming-Tatt, Joykin Anabelle Rose, Por Choo-Shiuan, Mahboob Tooba, Salibay Cristina C, Torres Mario S, Guiang Maria Melanie M, Rahmatullah Mohammed, Jahan Rownak, Jannat Khoshnur, Wilairatana Polrat, de Lourdes Pereira Maria, Lim Chooi Ling, Nissapatorn Veeranoot
Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia.
School of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7001, Australia.
Plants (Basel). 2022 May 8;11(9):1265. doi: 10.3390/plants11091265.
Nanomedicines emerged from nanotechnology and have been introduced to bring advancements in treating multiple diseases. Nano-phytomedicines are synthesized from active phytoconstituents or plant extracts. Advancements in nanotechnology also help in the diagnosis, monitoring, control, and prevention of various diseases. The field of nanomedicine and the improvements of nanoparticles has been of keen interest in multiple industries, including pharmaceutics, diagnostics, electronics, communications, and cosmetics. In herbal medicines, these nanoparticles have several attractive properties that have brought them to the forefront in searching for novel drug delivery systems by enhancing efficacy, bioavailability, and target specificity. The current review investigated various therapeutic applications of different nano-phytopharmaceuticals in locomotor, dermal, reproductive, and urinary tract disorders to enhance bioavailability and efficacy of phytochemicals and herbal extracts in preclinical and in vitro studies. There is a lack of clinical and extensive preclinical studies. The research in this field is expanding but strong evidence on the efficacy of these nano-phytopharmaceuticals for human use is still limited. The long-term efficacy and safety of nano-phytopharmaceuticals must be ensured with priority before these materials emerge as common human therapeutics. Overall, this review provides up-to-date information on related contemporary research on nano-phytopharmaceuticals and nano-extracts in the fields of dermatological, urogenital, and locomotor disorders.
纳米药物源自纳米技术，已被引入以推动多种疾病治疗的进步。纳米植物药由活性植物成分或植物提取物合成。纳米技术的进步也有助于各种疾病的诊断、监测、控制和预防。纳米医学领域以及纳米颗粒的改进在包括制药、诊断、电子、通信和化妆品在内的多个行业中引起了浓厚兴趣。在草药中，这些纳米颗粒具有多种吸引人的特性，通过提高疗效、生物利用度和靶向特异性，使其在寻找新型药物递送系统方面处于前沿地位。本综述研究了不同纳米植物药在运动、皮肤、生殖和泌尿系统疾病中的各种治疗应用，以提高植物化学物质和草药提取物在临床前和体外研究中的生物利用度和疗效。目前缺乏临床和广泛的临床前研究。该领域的研究正在不断扩展，但关于这些纳米植物药对人类使用的疗效的有力证据仍然有限。在这些材料成为常见的人类治疗药物之前，必须优先确保纳米植物药的长期疗效和安全性。总体而言，本综述提供了有关纳米植物药和纳米提取物在皮肤病学、泌尿生殖系统和运动系统疾病领域相关当代研究的最新信息。
