Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2022;1365:57-73. doi: 10.1007/978-981-16-8387-9_5.
The immune system plays essential roles in maintaining homeostasis in mammalian tissues that extend beyond pathogen clearance and host defense. Recently, several homeostatic circuits comprised of paired hematopoietic and non-hematopoietic cells have been described to influence tissue composition and turnover in development and after perturbation. Crucial circuit components include innate lymphoid cells (ILCs), which seed developing organs and shape their resident tissues by influencing progenitor fate decisions, microbial interactions, and neuronal activity. As they develop in tissues, ILCs undergo transcriptional imprinting that encodes receptivity to corresponding signals derived from their resident tissues but ILCs can also shift their transcriptional profiles to adapt to specific types of tissue perturbation. Thus, ILC functions are embedded within their resident tissues, where they constitute key regulators of homeostatic responses that can lead to both beneficial and pathogenic outcomes. Here, we examine the interactions between ILCs and various non-hematopoietic tissue cells, and discuss how specific ILC-tissue cell circuits form essential elements of tissue immunity.
免疫系统在维持哺乳动物组织的内稳态方面发挥着至关重要的作用，其作用不仅限于清除病原体和宿主防御。最近，已经描述了几个由配对的造血细胞和非造血细胞组成的稳态回路，这些回路影响组织组成和发育及扰动后的组织更新。关键的回路组成部分包括先天淋巴细胞 (ILC)，它们通过影响祖细胞命运决定、微生物相互作用和神经元活性来为发育中的器官播种，并塑造其驻留组织。在组织中发育时，ILC 经历转录印记，从而对来自其驻留组织的相应信号产生反应性，但 ILC 也可以改变其转录谱以适应特定类型的组织扰动。因此，ILC 的功能嵌入在其驻留组织中，它们是构成组织稳态反应的关键调节剂，可以导致有益和致病的结果。在这里，我们研究了 ILC 与各种非造血组织细胞之间的相互作用，并讨论了特定的 ILC-组织细胞回路如何形成组织免疫的重要组成部分。
