Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health science, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.
Institute of Biotechnology, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.
Int J Dermatol. 2022 Nov;61(11):1336-1345. doi: 10.1111/ijd.16265. Epub 2022 May 15.
Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a major public health problem in Ethiopia. About 30 million people are at risk, and there are 20,000 to 50,000 new cases annually. It is maintained by rock hyraxes and Phlebotomus sand flies. Different studies showed the presence and risk factors of CL. However, there is no study on the pooled prevalence and risk factors. This study aimed to determine the pooled prevalence and risk factors of CL in Ethiopia.
We retrieved published articles from different databases. The review was conducted based on PRISMA guidelines. The meta-analysis was done with Stata software version 14. The forest plot with random-effect model and inverse variance index was used to estimate the pooled prevalence with 95% confidence interval and heterogeneity of articles, respectively.
A total of 99,226 people from 19 studies were screened. The overall pooled prevalence of CL was 20.4% with 95% CI (15.67-25.13%). The pooled prevalence is a weighted average of results of the included 19 studies. Highest pooled prevalence, 65.39% (95% CI: 61.14-69.47%), was in Southern Nations, Nationalities and Peoples' Region (SNNPR), and the lowest was 1.53% (95% CI: 1.43-1.63%) in Amhara Region. Children were the most affected age group. Living in a home close to farmlands, outdoor sleeping behavior, the presence of gorge, hyrax, cracked walls, animal dung, and other cases in the neighborhood were identified as risk factors for CL.
There is high burden of CL in Ethiopia. Larger surveys are required. Health education on the prevention and control strategies shall be implemented.
皮肤利什曼病（CL）是埃塞俄比亚的一个主要公共卫生问题。约有 3000 万人面临风险，每年有 2 万至 5 万例新发病例。它由岩蹄兔和沙蝇传播。不同的研究表明了 CL 的存在和风险因素。然而，目前还没有关于 CL 总患病率和风险因素的研究。本研究旨在确定埃塞俄比亚 CL 的总患病率和风险因素。
我们从不同的数据库中检索已发表的文章。综述是根据 PRISMA 指南进行的。使用 Stata 软件版本 14 进行荟萃分析。使用森林图和随机效应模型以及倒数方差指数来估计汇总患病率及其 95%置信区间和文章的异质性。
共筛选了来自 19 项研究的 99226 人。CL 的总体汇总患病率为 20.4%，95%置信区间（15.67-25.13%）。汇总患病率是纳入的 19 项研究结果的加权平均值。患病率最高的地区是南部各族州（SNNPR），为 65.39%（95%CI：61.14-69.47%），最低的是阿姆哈拉州，为 1.53%（95%CI：1.43-1.63%）。儿童是受影响最严重的年龄组。生活在靠近农田的家中、户外睡眠行为、存在峡谷、岩蹄兔、裂缝墙壁、动物粪便和附近其他病例被确定为 CL 的风险因素。
埃塞俄比亚 CL 的负担很重。需要进行更大规模的调查。应实施预防和控制策略的健康教育。
