Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Ahmedabad, Palaj, Gandhinagar, 382355, Gujarat, India.
Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Ahmedabad, Palaj, Gandhinagar, 382355, Gujarat, India.
Drug Deliv Transl Res. 2022 Dec;12(12):3104-3120. doi: 10.1007/s13346-022-01173-y. Epub 2022 May 15.
The global burden of neurological disorders has been increasing day by day which calls for immediate attention to the solutions. Novel drug delivery systems are one of the alternatives that we count on to counteract these disorders. As the blood-brain barrier creates a significant hindrance to the delivery of drugs across the endothelium lining of the brain, nose-to-brain delivery has been the favorite option to administer such drugs. In recent times, bioconjugation has been viewed as a rapidly growing area in the field of pharmaceuticals. The pharmaceutical industry and academic research are investing significantly in bioconjugated structures as an attractive and advantageous potential aid to nanoparticulate delivery systems, with all of its flexible benefits in terms of tailor grafting and custom design as well as overcoming the majority of their drawbacks. This review discusses drug delivery via the intranasal route and gives insight into bioconjugation systems for drug molecules, their chemistry, and benefits over other systems. Conjugation of drugs/macromolecules with peptides, carbohydrates, ligands, and nucleic acids has also been discussed in detail. The figure represents few types of novel drug delivery systems and molecules that have been attempted by researchers for nose-to-brain delivery through nasal (mucosal) route for the effective management of epilepsy, Alzheimer's disease, brain cancer, and other brain disorders.
神经疾病的全球负担日益增加，这需要我们立即关注解决方案。新型药物递送系统是我们对抗这些疾病的选择之一。由于血脑屏障对药物穿过脑内皮细胞形成了显著的阻碍，因此经鼻递药成为了给药的首选途径。近年来，生物共轭被视为制药领域中一个快速发展的领域。制药行业和学术研究都在大力投资于生物共轭结构，将其作为纳米递药系统的一种有吸引力和有利的潜在辅助手段，具有灵活的按需接枝和定制设计优势，同时克服了大多数缺点。本文通过鼻腔给药途径讨论药物递送，并深入了解药物分子的生物共轭系统及其相对于其他系统的优势。还详细讨论了药物/大分子与肽、碳水化合物、配体和核酸的共轭。该图代表了一些新型药物递送系统和分子，研究人员试图通过鼻（黏膜）途径经鼻递药，以有效治疗癫痫、阿尔茨海默病、脑癌和其他脑部疾病。
