Interdisciplinary Innovation Platform of Public Health and Disease Prevention and Control for Health Policy, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China.
School of Sociology and Population Studies, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China.
Front Public Health. 2022 Apr 27;10:870157. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.870157. eCollection 2022.
The utilization of health screening and other community health services has been a hot topic in China. Thus, this study examined the effect of health changes (self-rated health, physical health, and mental health) on older people's community health screening participation in China. We derived the data from the 2016 and 2018 waves of the Chinese Longitudinal Aging Social Survey (CLASS). This paper included 10,992 observations in two waves. We tested the causal relationship using the fixed effects model. Approximately 29.56% of the respondents participated in a health screening. Notably, after controlling for covariates, changes in mental and physical health both significantly influenced seniors' participation in health screenings (self-rated health: β = 0.188, 95% CI [-0.037, -0.413]; physical health: β = 0.078, 95% CI [0.032, -0.124]; mental health: β = 0.034, 95% CI [-0.057, -0.002]). The findings showed age, educational level, income level, and family support to be significant factors associated with community health screening participation. Additionally, we identified a partial mediating effect of mental health between self-rated health and health screening participation and a partial mediating effect of depression between physical health and health screening participation. The results highlight the important role of health changes in influencing participation and promoting health screening in China. On this basis, healthcare providers in the community may consider health changes as a screening criterion to promote health screening, guiding other health promotion and prevention programs while promoting healthy aging.
健康筛查和其他社区卫生服务的利用在中国一直是一个热门话题。因此，本研究考察了健康变化（自我评估健康、身体健康和心理健康）对中国老年人社区卫生筛查参与的影响。我们从中国纵向老龄化社会调查（CLASS）的 2016 年和 2018 年两个波次中获得了数据。本文包括两个波次中的 10992 个观测值。我们使用固定效应模型检验了因果关系。大约 29.56%的受访者参加了健康筛查。值得注意的是，在控制了协变量后，心理健康和身体健康的变化都显著影响老年人参与健康筛查（自我评估健康：β=0.188，95%CI[-0.037，-0.413]；身体健康：β=0.078，95%CI[0.032，-0.124]；心理健康：β=0.034，95%CI[-0.057，-0.002]）。研究结果表明，年龄、教育水平、收入水平和家庭支持是与社区卫生筛查参与相关的重要因素。此外，我们发现自我评估健康和健康筛查参与之间存在心理健康的部分中介效应，身体健康和健康筛查参与之间存在抑郁的部分中介效应。研究结果强调了健康变化对参与和促进中国健康筛查的重要影响。在此基础上，社区医疗服务提供者可以考虑将健康变化作为筛查标准，促进健康筛查，同时引导其他健康促进和预防计划，促进健康老龄化。
