Rode Julia, Edebol Carlman Hanna M T, König Julia, Repsilber Dirk, Hutchinson Ashley N, Thunberg Per, Andersson Pernilla, Persson Jonas, Kiselev Andrey, Lathrop Stern Lori, Salomon Benita, Mohammed Ahmed Abdulilah, Labus Jennifer S, Brummer Robert J
Nutrition-Gut-Brain Interactions Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden.
Department of Radiology and Medical Physics, Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden.
Front Nutr. 2022 Apr 29;9:827182. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2022.827182. eCollection 2022.
Evidence from preclinical studies suggests that probiotics affect brain function the microbiome-gut-brain axis, but evidence in humans remains limited.
The present proof-of-concept study investigated if a probiotic product containing a mixture of , and (in total 3 × 10 CFU/day) affected functional brain responses in healthy subjects during an emotional attention task.
In this double-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled crossover study (Clinicaltrials.gov, NCT03615651), 22 healthy subjects (24.2 ± 3.4 years, 6 males/16 females) were exposed to a probiotic intervention and a placebo for 4 weeks each, separated by a 4-week washout period. Subjects underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging while performing an emotional attention task after each intervention period. Differential brain activity and functional connectivity were assessed.
Altered brain responses were observed in brain regions implicated in emotional, cognitive and face processing. Increased activation in the orbitofrontal cortex, a region that receives extensive sensory input and in turn projects to regions implicated in emotional processing, was found after probiotic intervention compared to placebo using a cluster-based analysis of functionally defined areas. Significantly reduced task-related functional connectivity was observed after the probiotic intervention compared to placebo. Fecal microbiota composition was not majorly affected by probiotic intervention.
The probiotic intervention resulted in subtly altered brain activity and functional connectivity in healthy subjects performing an emotional task without major effects on the fecal microbiota composition. This indicates that the probiotic effects occurred microbe-host interactions on other levels. Further analysis of signaling molecules could give possible insights into the modes of action of the probiotic intervention on the gut-brain axis in general and brain function specifically. The presented findings further support the growing consensus that probiotic supplementation influences brain function and emotional regulation, even in healthy subjects. Future studies including patients with altered emotional processing, such as anxiety or depression symptoms are of great interest.
[http://clinicaltrials.gov/], identifier [NCT03615651].
临床前研究证据表明，益生菌通过微生物群 - 肠 - 脑轴影响大脑功能，但人类相关证据仍然有限。
本概念验证研究调查了一种含有嗜酸乳杆菌、双歧杆菌和干酪乳杆菌混合物（总计3×10⁹CFU/天）的益生菌产品在情绪注意力任务期间是否会影响健康受试者的大脑功能反应。
在这项双盲、随机、安慰剂对照交叉研究（Clinicaltrials.gov，NCT03615651）中，22名健康受试者（24.2±3.4岁，6名男性/16名女性）分别接受益生菌干预和安慰剂干预，各为期4周，中间有4周的洗脱期。在每个干预期后，受试者在执行情绪注意力任务时接受功能磁共振成像检查。评估大脑活动差异和功能连接性。
在涉及情绪、认知和面部处理的脑区观察到大脑反应改变。使用基于簇的功能定义区域分析，与安慰剂相比，益生菌干预后发现眶额皮质激活增加，该区域接收广泛的感觉输入并反过来投射到涉及情绪处理的区域。与安慰剂相比，益生菌干预后观察到任务相关功能连接性显著降低。粪便微生物群组成未受到益生菌干预的重大影响。
益生菌干预导致健康受试者在执行情绪任务时大脑活动和功能连接性发生细微改变，而对粪便微生物群组成没有重大影响。这表明益生菌作用是通过微生物与宿主在其他层面的相互作用发生的。对信号分子的进一步分析可能会深入了解益生菌干预对一般肠 - 脑轴以及特定大脑功能的作用模式。所呈现的研究结果进一步支持了越来越多的共识，即即使在健康受试者中，补充益生菌也会影响大脑功能和情绪调节。未来包括有情绪处理改变（如焦虑或抑郁症状）患者的研究将非常有意义。
[http://clinicaltrials.gov/]，标识符 [NCT03615651]。
