Senbanjo Idowu Odunayo, Owolabi Adedotun J, Oshikoya Kazeem Adeola, Hageman Jeske H J, Adeniyi Yetunde, Samuel Folake, Melse-Boonstra Alida, Schaafsma Anne
Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition Unit, Lagos State University College of Medicine, Lagos, Nigeria.
Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands.
Front Nutr. 2022 Apr 27;9:864856. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2022.864856. eCollection 2022.
Malnutrition results in a high prevalence of stunting, underweight, and micronutrient deficiencies. This study investigated the effect of a multi-nutrient fortified dairy-based drink on micronutrient status, growth, and cognitive development in malnourished [height-for-age z-score (HAZ) and/or weight-for-age z-score (WAZ) < -1 SD and >-3 SD] Nigerian toddlers ( = 184, 1-3 years). The product was provided in different daily amounts (200, 400, or 600 ml) for 6 months. At baseline and endline, venous blood and urine samples were collected to determine micronutrient status. Bodyweight, height, waist, and head circumference were measured, and corresponding Z-scores were calculated. The Bayley-III Screening Test was used to classify the cognitive development of the children. In a modified per-protocol (PP) population, the highest prevalence's of micronutrient deficiencies were found for vitamin A (35.5%) and selenium (17.9%). At endline, there were no significant improvements in iodine, zinc, vitamin B12, and folate status in any of the three groups. Regarding vitamin D status (25OHD), consumption of 600 and 400 ml resulted in an improved status as compared to baseline, and in a difference between the 600- and 200-ml groups. Consumption of 600 ml also increased vitamin A and selenium status as compared to baseline, but no differences were found between groups. Within the groups, WAZ, weight-for-height z-score (WHZ), and BMI-for-age z-score (BAZ) improved, but without differences between the groups. For HAZ, only the 600 ml group showed improvement within the group, but it was not different between groups. For the absolute weight, height, and head circumference only trends for differences between groups were indicated. Cognition results did not differ between the groups. Within groups, all showed a decline in the per cent of competent children for receptive language. To study the effects of a nutritional intervention on linear growth and cognition, a longer study duration might be necessary. Regarding the improvement of micronutrient status, 600 ml of fortified dairy-based drink seems most effective.
https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03411590?term=NCT03411590.&draw=2&rank=1, identifier: NCT03411590.
营养不良导致发育迟缓、体重不足和微量营养素缺乏的高发生率。本研究调查了一种多种营养素强化的奶制品饮料对营养不良（年龄别身高Z评分[HAZ]和/或年龄别体重Z评分[WAZ]< -1标准差且> -3标准差）的尼日利亚幼儿（n = 184，1 - 3岁）的微量营养素状况、生长和认知发育的影响。该产品以不同的每日量（200、400或600毫升）提供6个月。在基线和结束时，采集静脉血和尿液样本以确定微量营养素状况。测量体重、身高、腰围和头围，并计算相应的Z评分。使用贝利婴幼儿发展量表第三版筛查测试对儿童的认知发育进行分类。在改良的符合方案（PP）人群中，发现维生素A（35.5%）和硒（17.9%）的微量营养素缺乏发生率最高。在结束时，三组中的任何一组在碘、锌、维生素B12和叶酸状况方面均无显著改善。关于维生素D状况（25OHD），与基线相比，饮用600毫升和400毫升导致状况改善，且600毫升组和200毫升组之间存在差异。与基线相比，饮用600毫升还提高了维生素A和硒状况，但组间未发现差异。在各小组内，WAZ、身高别体重Z评分（WHZ）和年龄别BMI Z评分（BAZ）有所改善，但组间无差异。对于HAZ，只有600毫升组在组内显示出改善，但组间无差异。对于绝对体重、身高和头围，仅显示出组间差异趋势。各小组的认知结果无差异。在各小组内，所有小组接受性语言能力合格儿童的百分比均下降。为研究营养干预对线性生长和认知的影响，可能需要更长的研究持续时间。关于改善微量营养素状况，600毫升强化奶制品饮料似乎最有效。
https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03411590?term=NCT03411590.&draw=2&rank=1，标识符：NCT03411590。
