乳球菌乳亚种可延长秀丽隐杆线虫的寿命、改善其感知能力并增强其宿主防御能力。
Prolonged Lifespan, Improved Perception, and Enhanced Host Defense of Caenorhabditis elegans by Lactococcus cremoris subsp. .
机构信息
Faculty of Human Life and Environment, Nara Women's University, Nara, Japan.
Fujicco Co., Kobe, Hyogo, Japan.
出版信息
Microbiol Spectr. 2022 Jun 29;10(3):e0045421. doi: 10.1128/spectrum.00454-21. Epub 2022 May 16.
Lactic acid bacteria are beneficial to Caenorhabditis elegans; however, bacteria acting as probiotics in nematodes may not necessarily have probiotic functions in humans. Lactococcus cremoris subsp. reportedly has probiotic functions in humans. Therefore, we determined whether the strain FC could exert probiotic effects in C. elegans in terms of improving host defenses and extending life span. Live FC successfully extended the life span and enhanced host defense compared to Escherichia coli OP50 (OP50), a standard food source for C. elegans. The FC-fed worms were tolerant to Salmonella enterica subsp. serovar Enteritidis or Staphylococcus aureus infection and had better survival than the OP50-fed control worms. Further, the chemotaxis index, an indicator of perception ability, was more stable and significantly higher in FC-fed worms than in the control worms. The increase in autofluorescence from advanced glycation end products (AGEs) with aging was also ameliorated in FC-fed worms. FC showed beneficial effects in and mutants, but not in mutants. Since SKN-1 is the C. elegans ortholog of Nrf2, we measured the transcription of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), which is regulated by Nrf2, in murine macrophages and found that HO-1 mRNA expression was increased >5 times by inoculation with FC cells. Thus, FC could exert antisenescence effects via the SKN-1/Nrf2 pathway. This study showed for the first time that FC supported perceptive function and suppressed AGEs in nematodes as probiotic bacteria. Therefore, C. elegans can be an alternative model to screen for probiotic bacteria that can be used for antisenescence effects in humans. Aging is one of our greatest challenges. The World Health Organization proposed that "active aging" might encourage people to continue to work according to their capacities and preferences as they grow old and would prevent or delay disabilities and chronic diseases that are costly to both individuals and the society, considering that disease prevention is more economical than treatment. Probiotic bacteria, such as lactobacilli, are live microorganisms that exert beneficial effects on human health when ingested in sufficient amounts and can promote longevity. The significance of this study is that it revealed the antisenescence and various beneficial effects of the representative probiotic bacterium subsp. strain FC exerted via the SKN-1/Nrf2 pathway in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans.
乳酸菌对秀丽隐杆线虫有益;然而,在线虫中作为益生菌的细菌在人类中不一定具有益生菌功能。据报道,乳球菌乳亚种具有人类益生菌功能。因此,我们确定菌株 FC 是否能通过提高宿主防御和延长寿命来发挥秀丽隐杆线虫的益生菌作用。与大肠杆菌 OP50(OP50)相比,活的 FC 成功延长了秀丽隐杆线虫的寿命并增强了宿主防御能力,OP50 是秀丽隐杆线虫的标准食物来源。与 OP50 喂养的对照组相比,FC 喂养的线虫对肠炎沙门氏菌亚种。肠炎亚种或金黄色葡萄球菌感染具有耐受性,并且存活率更高。此外,趋化指数,一种感知能力的指标,在 FC 喂养的线虫中更稳定且显著高于对照组。随着衰老,晚期糖基化终产物 (AGEs) 的自发荧光增加也在 FC 喂养的线虫中得到改善。FC 在 和 突变体中表现出有益作用,但在 突变体中没有。由于 SKN-1 是秀丽隐杆线虫 Nrf2 的同源物,我们测量了受 Nrf2 调节的血红素加氧酶-1 (HO-1) 的转录,发现用 FC 细胞接种可使 HO-1 mRNA 表达增加 5 倍以上。因此,FC 可以通过 SKN-1/Nrf2 途径发挥抗衰老作用。这项研究首次表明,FC 作为益生菌可支持线虫的感知功能并抑制 AGEs。因此,秀丽隐杆线虫可以作为筛选可用于人类抗衰老作用的益生菌的替代模型。衰老是我们面临的最大挑战之一。世界卫生组织提出,“积极老龄化”可能鼓励人们随着年龄的增长继续根据自己的能力和喜好工作,并防止或延迟个人和社会成本高昂的残疾和慢性疾病,因为预防疾病比治疗更经济。益生菌,如乳酸菌,是活的微生物,当摄入足够量时,对人类健康有益,并能促进长寿。这项研究的意义在于,它揭示了代表性益生菌乳球菌乳亚种菌株 FC 通过 SKN-1/Nrf2 途径在秀丽隐杆线虫中发挥的抗衰老和各种有益作用。