School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, School of Biomedical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China; Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325011, China; Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325011, China.
The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China.
Biomater Adv. 2022 Mar;134:112698. doi: 10.1016/j.msec.2022.112698. Epub 2022 Feb 5.
It is still a challenge to develop a sponge that can efficiently control noncompressible bleeding to meet the emergency treatment and clinical demand. Herein, we combined the 3D printing sacrificial template method and freeze-drying technology to prepare polyvinyl alcohol/sodium alginate (PVA/SA) composite sponges with ordered microchannels and disordered porous structure. Compared with conventional sponges, the prepared sponge showed ultra-rapid water/blood absorption capacity and satisfactory mechanical properties. Furthermore, when the sponge was stuffed into a noncompressible wound and contacted with blood, it could accurately guide and quickly absorb a large amount of blood through the microchannels. Moreover, the platelets, red blood cells and coagulation factors would be enriched in the microchannels and microporous structure. In the SD rat liver noncompressible hemorrhage and femoral artery puncture injury model, PVA-SA composite sponge with 3D ordered/disordered porous structure showed enhanced hemostatic performance compared with commercial MPVA sponges. Depend on the special ordered/disordered porous structure, PVA-SA composite sponge could accelerate the blood convergence and promote coagulation. This design of special porous structure opened up a new avenue to develop hemostatic sponges for rapidly controlling noncompressible hemorrhage.
开发一种能够高效控制非压迫性出血的海绵以满足急诊治疗和临床需求仍然是一个挑战。在此，我们结合了 3D 打印牺牲模板法和冷冻干燥技术，制备了具有有序微通道和无序多孔结构的聚乙烯醇/海藻酸钠（PVA/SA）复合海绵。与传统海绵相比，所制备的海绵表现出超快速的水/血液吸收能力和令人满意的机械性能。此外，当海绵被填充到非压迫性伤口中并与血液接触时，它可以通过微通道准确地引导和快速吸收大量血液。而且，血小板、红细胞和凝血因子会在微通道和微孔结构中富集。在 SD 大鼠肝脏非压迫性出血和股动脉穿刺损伤模型中，与商用 MPVA 海绵相比，具有 3D 有序/无序多孔结构的 PVA-SA 复合海绵显示出增强的止血性能。依靠特殊的有序/无序多孔结构，PVA-SA 复合海绵可以加速血液聚集并促进凝血。这种特殊多孔结构的设计为开发用于快速控制非压迫性出血的止血海绵开辟了新途径。
