Lindberg R L, Kanto J H, Pihlajamäki K K
J Chromatogr. 1986 Dec 19;383(2):357-64. doi: 10.1016/s0378-4347(00)83481-7.
A sensitive and selective high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method for the determination of bupivacaine and its two metabolites, desbutyl- and 4'-hydroxybupivacaine, in human serum and urine is described. Bupivacaine, both metabolites and the internal standard, etidocaine, are extracted with diethyl ether and then back-extracted into an acidic aqueous phase. After subsequent extraction into diethyl ether, evaporation and reconstitution in the mobile phase, bupivacaine and the metabolites are determined by HPLC using a reversed-phase C8 column with tetrahydrofuran-potassium phosphate buffer (8:92, v/v, pH 2.4) as the mobile phase. The sensitivity of the method is 10 micrograms/l for bupivacaine and both metabolites and the extraction efficiencies are 95, 54 and 92% for bupivacaine and desbutyl- and 4'-hydroxybupivacaine, respectively. The reproducibility of the method is good, the coefficients of variation varying between 1.8 and 7.4% in the concentration range 0.10-2.00 mg/l. The procedure was applied to human serum and urine samples from two elderly women who had been operated on under epidural analgesia (plain bupivacaine, 1.5 mg/kg) because of uterine prolapse.
本文描述了一种灵敏且具选择性的高效液相色谱（HPLC）法，用于测定人血清和尿液中的布比卡因及其两种代谢物——去丁基布比卡因和4'-羟基布比卡因。布比卡因、两种代谢物及内标物依替卡因用乙醚萃取，然后反萃取至酸性水相。随后再用乙醚萃取，蒸发并在流动相中复溶，采用反相C8柱，以四氢呋喃 - 磷酸钾缓冲液（8:92，v/v，pH 2.4）作为流动相，通过HPLC测定布比卡因及其代谢物。该方法对布比卡因及其两种代谢物的灵敏度为10微克/升，布比卡因、去丁基布比卡因和4'-羟基布比卡因的萃取效率分别为95%、54%和92%。该方法的重现性良好，在0.10 - 2.00毫克/升的浓度范围内，变异系数在1.8%至7.4%之间。该方法应用于两名因子宫脱垂接受硬膜外镇痛（普通布比卡因，1.5毫克/千克）手术的老年女性的人血清和尿液样本。
