针对青少年家长的心理健康素养项目：一项系统综述
Mental Health Literacy Programs for Parents of Adolescents: A Systematic Review.
作者信息
Kusaka Sakurako, Yamaguchi Satoshi, Foo Jerome Clifford, Togo Fumiharu, Sasaki Tsukasa
机构信息
Department of Physical and Health Education, Graduate School of Education, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Research Fellow of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan.
出版信息
Front Psychiatry. 2022 May 2;13:816508. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.816508. eCollection 2022.
INTRODUCTION
Many mental illnesses begin during adolescence. Parents of adolescents need to have sufficient mental health literacy (MHL) to recognize mental health problems in their children and to assist them with help-seeking. Although several educational programs have been developed to enhance parental MHL, their effectiveness has not been established. This study provides a systematic review for the effectiveness of MHL programs in parents of adolescents.
METHODS
PubMed, PsycINFO, CINAHL, ERIC and Web of Science were searched from the earliest date possible until February 2022; references of studies which met eligibility criteria were also screened. Studies that assessed quantitative change in at least one of the following components of parental MHL were included: knowledge of mental health/illnesses; stigma toward people with mental health problems; confidence in helping children with mental health problems, and intention, knowledge or behavior of helping children with mental health problems. Risk of bias (ROB) for each outcome within the included studies was rated using the revised Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials for randomized controlled trials (RCTs), and the Risk of Bias Assessment Tool for Nonrandomized Studies for nonrandomized studies.
RESULTS
Nine studies (four RCTs, three controlled before-and-after studies, and two case series), reported in 10 articles, were included. Mental health knowledge and/or confidence was significantly improved in several studies, while no studies observed significant improvement in stigma and/or intention/behavior of helping children. ROB was high in five out of nine studies (10 out of 18 outcomes) and unclear in the others.
CONCLUSIONS
A limited number of studies have evaluated effects of MHL program in parents and inconsistent quality contributes to difficulty in establishing their overall effectiveness. More studies with appropriate methods of recruitment, measurement and analysis, and transparent reporting are needed.
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION
https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42020193072, Identifier: CRD42020193072.
引言
许多精神疾病始于青春期。青少年的父母需要具备足够的心理健康素养（MHL），以识别子女的心理健康问题并帮助他们寻求帮助。尽管已经开发了几种教育项目来提高父母的心理健康素养，但其有效性尚未得到证实。本研究对青少年父母心理健康素养项目的有效性进行了系统综述。
方法
从最早日期至2022年2月检索了PubMed、PsycINFO、CINAHL、ERIC和Web of Science；还筛选了符合纳入标准的研究的参考文献。纳入评估父母心理健康素养以下至少一个组成部分的定量变化的研究：心理健康/疾病知识；对有心理健康问题者的污名化；帮助有心理健康问题的孩子的信心，以及帮助有心理健康问题的孩子的意愿、知识或行为。使用修订后的Cochrane随机试验偏倚风险工具对纳入研究中每个结果的偏倚风险（ROB）进行评估，用于随机对照试验（RCT），以及非随机研究的偏倚风险评估工具用于非随机研究。
结果
纳入了10篇文章中报道的9项研究（4项RCT、3项前后对照研究和2个病例系列）。几项研究中，心理健康知识和/或信心有显著改善，而没有研究观察到污名化以及/或帮助孩子的意愿/行为有显著改善。9项研究中有5项（18个结果中的10个）的ROB较高，其他研究的ROB不明确。
结论
评估父母心理健康素养项目效果的研究数量有限，质量参差不齐导致难以确定其总体有效性。需要更多采用适当的招募、测量和分析方法以及透明报告的研究。
系统综述注册
https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42020193072，标识符：CRD42020193072。
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