Department of Psychology and Neuroscience.
Department of Psychology.
J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform. 2022 Jul;48(7):689-710. doi: 10.1037/xhp0001012. Epub 2022 May 19.
The mind-wandering literature is long on results and short on theory. One notable exception is the a theoretical framework that characterizes mind wandering as thoughts that are relatively unconstrained from deliberate and automatic sources, or "freely moving." Critically, this framework makes numerous testable predictions, including (a) a positive association between freely moving thought and ADHD, (b) negative associations between freely moving thought and depression, anxiety, and OCD, and (c) a positive association between freely moving thought and divergent thinking ability. In Study 1, to test these predictions, we measured participants' reports of freely moving thoughts during a cognitive task and assessed divergent thinking and various psychopathological symptoms. Results failed to support any of the Dynamic Framework's predictions. In Study 2, we assessed the predicted relations between freely moving thought and divergent-thinking performance by manipulating thought constraint during a creative-incubation interval that preceded a divergent-thinking task. Here, we found some evidence (albeit very weak) to support the Dynamic Framework's prediction. Finally, in Study 3, we examined the possibility that indexing freely moving thought a divergent-thinking task would yield the predicted associations but failed to find support for these associations. These results, most of which are at odds with the predictions of the Dynamic Framework, suggest either the need to revise the framework and/or that current methods are inadequate to properly test these predictions. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).
思维漫游文献在结果方面内容丰富，但在理论方面却有所欠缺。一个值得注意的例外是一个理论框架，该框架将思维漫游描述为相对不受刻意和自动来源约束的思维，或者是“自由流动”的思维。关键是，该框架提出了许多可检验的预测，包括：(a)自由流动的思维与 ADHD 之间呈正相关；(b)自由流动的思维与抑郁、焦虑和强迫症之间呈负相关；(c)自由流动的思维与发散思维能力之间呈正相关。在研究 1 中，为了检验这些预测，我们在认知任务期间测量了参与者自由流动思维的报告，并评估了发散思维和各种心理病理症状。结果没有支持动态框架的任何预测。在研究 2 中，我们通过在发散思维任务之前的创造性酝酿间隔期间操纵思维约束，评估了自由流动思维与发散思维表现之间的预测关系。在这里，我们发现了一些证据（尽管非常微弱）支持动态框架的预测。最后，在研究 3 中，我们研究了在发散思维任务中记录自由流动思维是否会产生预测性关联的可能性，但没有发现这些关联的支持。这些结果大部分与动态框架的预测不一致，这表明要么需要修改该框架，要么当前的方法不足以正确检验这些预测。（PsycInfo 数据库记录（c）2022 APA，保留所有权利）。
