Dono Antonio, Nickles Jack, Rodriguez-Armendariz Ana G, McFarland Braden C, Ajami Nadim J, Ballester Leomar Y, Wargo Jennifer A, Esquenazi Yoshua
Vivian L. Smith Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA.
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA.
Neurooncol Adv. 2022 Apr 14;4(1):vdac054. doi: 10.1093/noajnl/vdac054. eCollection 2022 Jan-Dec.
The gut-brain axis has presented a valuable new dynamic in the treatment of cancer and central nervous system (CNS) diseases. However, little is known about the potential role of this axis in neuro-oncology. The goal of this review is to highlight potential implications of the gut-brain axis in neuro-oncology, in particular gliomas, and future areas of research. The gut-brain axis is a well-established biochemical signaling axis that has been associated with various CNS diseases. In neuro-oncology, recent studies have described gut microbiome differences in tumor-bearing mice and glioma patients compared to controls. These differences in the composition of the microbiome are expected to impact the metabolic functionality of each microbiome. The effects of antibiotics on the microbiome may affect tumor growth and modulate the immune system in tumor-bearing mice. Preliminary studies have shown that the gut microbiome might influence PD-L1 response in glioma-bearing mice, as previously observed in other non-CNS cancers. Groundbreaking studies have identified intratumoral bacterial DNA in several cancers including high-grade glioma. The gut microbiome and its manipulation represent a new and relatively unexplored area that could be utilized to enhance the effectiveness of therapy in glioma. Further mechanistic studies of this therapeutic strategy are needed to assess its clinical relevance.
肠-脑轴在癌症和中枢神经系统（CNS）疾病的治疗中展现出了一种有价值的新动态。然而，关于该轴在神经肿瘤学中的潜在作用却知之甚少。本综述的目的是强调肠-脑轴在神经肿瘤学，尤其是胶质瘤中的潜在影响以及未来的研究领域。肠-脑轴是一个已被充分证实的生化信号轴，与多种中枢神经系统疾病相关。在神经肿瘤学中，最近的研究描述了与对照组相比，荷瘤小鼠和胶质瘤患者的肠道微生物群差异。微生物群组成的这些差异预计会影响每个微生物群的代谢功能。抗生素对微生物群的影响可能会影响肿瘤生长并调节荷瘤小鼠的免疫系统。初步研究表明，肠道微生物群可能会影响荷胶质瘤小鼠的PD-L1反应，正如之前在其他非中枢神经系统癌症中所观察到的那样。开创性研究已在包括高级别胶质瘤在内的几种癌症中鉴定出肿瘤内细菌DNA。肠道微生物群及其调控代表了一个新的且相对未被探索的领域，可用于提高胶质瘤治疗的有效性。需要对这种治疗策略进行进一步的机制研究，以评估其临床相关性。
