Facility of Pharmaceutical Science, Suzuka University of Medical Science, 3500-3 Minami-tamagaki, Suzuka, Mie, 513-8670, Japan.
Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 192-0392 Horinouti Hachioji city, Tokyo, Japan.
BMC Public Health. 2022 May 21;22(1):1020. doi: 10.1186/s12889-022-13407-2.
This study examined warning messages as a strategy for preventing automobile crashes by drivers on medications. We investigated the degree of awareness regarding the effects of medication on automobile driving and changes in medication-taking and driving behavior. We also assessed associations between socio-environmental factors and the driving and medication-taking behavior adopted by individuals after being warned about driving-related risks.
Responses to an online questionnaire from 1200 people with a driving license who were taking prescription medications at the time of inquiry (March 2019) were collected and analyzed. The items surveyed were sex, age, educational history, health literacy, current medications, and medication-taking and driving behavior after being warned.
Of the total respondents, 30% were taking medicine that prohibited driving. Of those taking prohibited medications, 25.7% did not receive a warning about driving from healthcare professionals. Most respondents taking prohibited medications received euphemistic warnings, such as "practice caution" (30%), "refrain from calling attention" (29.4%), and "avoid driving" (19.8%); 16% of the direct warnings were about not driving. Medication's effects on driving were recognized by 80% of the total respondents. The degree of awareness was significantly higher among respondents taking medications that prohibit driving than among those taking medications that did not prohibit driving or those taking unknown medications. Awareness of medicine's influence on driving was associated with health literacy. No association was found between age, gender, health literacy, history of side effects, and driving and medication-taking behavior. Approximately 22% of respondents adjusted their medication use at their discretion and 39% maintained treatment compliance but continued driving. Among respondents taking medications that prohibit driving, whether driving was required for work was a significant factor in their driving and medication-taking behavior after being warned.
Healthcare professionals do not always fully inform patients about the driving-related risks of medications. To encourage patients who are taking medications that have a significant impact on their driving to either stop driving or consult a healthcare professional, healthcare professionals must first understand the patient's social environment, such as whether driving is required for work, and then create an environment conducive to advice-seeking.
本研究旨在探讨警示信息在预防服药驾驶员发生车祸中的作用。我们调查了人们对药物影响驾驶的认知程度，以及服药和驾驶行为的变化。我们还评估了社会环境因素与个人在接受与驾驶相关的风险警告后的驾驶和服药行为之间的关联。
本研究通过在线问卷收集了 1200 名有驾照且正在服用处方药的人的回复（2019 年 3 月），并对这些回复进行了分析。调查的项目包括性别、年龄、教育背景、健康素养、当前用药情况以及服药和驾驶行为变化。
在所有应答者中，有 30%的人正在服用禁止驾驶的药物。在服用禁用药物的人中，有 25.7%没有从医护人员那里收到关于驾驶的警告。大多数服用禁用药物的人收到的是委婉的警告，如“小心驾驶”（30%）、“避免引起注意”（29.4%）和“避免驾驶”（19.8%）；16%的直接警告是关于禁止驾驶。总应答者中有 80%认识到药物对驾驶的影响。对于禁止驾驶的药物，应答者的认知程度明显高于不禁止驾驶的药物、未知药物或没有服用药物的应答者。对药物影响驾驶的认知程度与健康素养有关。年龄、性别、健康素养、不良反应史与驾驶和服药行为之间没有关联。大约 22%的应答者自行调整了用药，39%的应答者保持治疗依从性但继续驾驶。在服用禁止驾驶的药物的应答者中，工作是否需要驾驶是他们在接受警告后驾驶和服药行为的一个重要因素。
医护人员并非总能全面告知患者药物对驾驶的相关风险。为了鼓励那些正在服用对驾驶有重大影响的药物的患者停止驾驶或咨询医护人员，医护人员必须首先了解患者的社会环境，例如工作是否需要驾驶，然后创造一个有利于寻求建议的环境。
