Internal Medicine Division, Department of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.
Department of Bacteriology, Immunology, and Mycology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.
Open Vet J. 2022 Mar-Apr;12(2):290-302. doi: 10.5455/OVJ.2022.v12.i2.18. Epub 2022 Apr 21.
Feline lower urinary tract disease (FLUTD) is a common disorder associated with the dysfunction of the urinary bladder or urethra in tomcats.
A prospective study was carried out on the point prevalence and odds ratio (OR) of the FLUTD in Shirazi and Baladi tomcats at Ismailia Governorate, Egypt, recording the prominent clinical manifestation and identifying the antibiogram, virulence, and antimicrobial resistance genes of the causative microorganisms.
A total number of 420 tomcats admitted to the veterinary clinics of Ismailia during the period June 2020 to May 2021 were examined for FLUTD. A total of 1,260 urine samples were collected and analyzed.
Hematuria, dysuria, and pollakiuria were the most evident signs recorded in a total of 120 tomcats diagnosed with FLUTD. The diagnosed cases of FLUTD were associated with causes like crystals (35.83%), pyogenic microorganisms (19.16%), and mixed cases (45.00%). The prevalence revealed highly significant ( < 0.01) increases in the cases caused by , mixed cases, and calcium oxalate at >4 years; at ≤ 2 years; amorphous urate and phosphate at 2-4 and >4 years in Shirazi and ≤2 years in Baladi; triple phosphate at ≤2 years in Shirazi and >4 years in Baladi; and mixed cases at ≤2 years. The OR of FLUTD revealed higher odds of associations with , mixed cases, , amorphous urate, and triple phosphate, as well as lower odds with , calcium oxalate, amorphous phosphate, and mixed cases. Isolated revealed higher resistance to amoxicillin (AMX, 83.4%), ceftriaxone (83.4%), ceftazidime (CAZ, 75.0%), and cefoxitin (FOX, 50.0%), and to oxacillin (100%), FOX (100%), AMX (85.8%), CAZ (76.2%), and FOX (50.0%). -detected virulence genes were , , , and , and were , , , , , , and . About 100% of and 76.1% of isolates exhibited multidrug resistance.
FLUTD in tomcats is associated with higher odds in , mixed cases, and triple phosphate at older ages (>4 years) with high antimicrobial resistance in the microbial isolates contributing to the disease.
猫下尿路疾病（FLUTD）是一种常见的疾病，与公猫的膀胱或尿道功能障碍有关。
在埃及伊斯梅利亚省，对 Shirazi 和 Baladi 公猫进行了 FLUTD 的现患率和优势比（OR）的前瞻性研究，记录了突出的临床症状，并确定了致病微生物的抗生素图谱、毒力和抗菌药物耐药基因。
在 2020 年 6 月至 2021 年 5 月期间，对伊斯梅利亚兽医诊所收治的 420 只公猫进行了 FLUTD 检查。共采集并分析了 1260 份尿液样本。
血尿、排尿困难和多尿是在 120 只被诊断为 FLUTD 的公猫中记录到的最明显的体征。FLUTD 的诊断病例与晶体（35.83%）、化脓性微生物（19.16%）和混合病例（45.00%）有关。Shirazi 中>4 岁的病例中，由 、混合病例和草酸钙引起的患病率呈极显著（<0.01）增加；2 岁以下的病例中，由 引起；2-4 岁和>4 岁的 Shirazi 中无定形尿酸盐和磷酸盐；2 岁以下的 Shirazi 和>4 岁的 Baladi 中三磷酸盐；2 岁以下的 Shirazi 和>4 岁的 Baladi 中混合病例。FLUTD 的 OR 显示，与 、混合病例、无定形尿酸盐和三磷酸盐的关联具有更高的优势，而与 、草酸钙、无定形磷酸盐和 混合病例的关联具有更低的优势。分离出的 对阿莫西林（AMX，83.4%）、头孢曲松（83.4%）、头孢他啶（CAZ，75.0%）和头孢西丁（FOX，50.0%）的耐药性较高，而 对苯唑西林（100%）、FOX（100%）、AMX（85.8%）、CAZ（76.2%）和 FOX（50.0%）的耐药性较高。检测到的毒力基因有 、 、 、 ， 有 、 、 、 、 。约 100%的 株和 76.1%的 株表现出多药耐药性。
公猫的 FLUTD 与 、混合病例和>4 岁时的三磷酸盐的优势比更高，而微生物分离物的高抗菌药物耐药性导致了疾病的发生。
