Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China.
Nat Prod Rep. 2022 Jun 22;39(6):1325-1365. doi: 10.1039/d2np00015f.
Covering: July 2010 to December 2021Limonoids, a kind of natural tetranortriterpenoids with diverse skeletons and valuable insecticidal and medicinal bioactivities, are the characteristic metabolites of most plants of the Meliaceae family. The chemistry and bioactivities of meliaceous limonoids are a continuing hot area of natural products research; to date, about 2700 meliaceous limonoids have been identified. In particular, more than 1600, including thirty kinds of novel rearranged skeletons, have been isolated and identified in the past decade due to their wide distribution and abundant content in Meliaceae plants and active biosynthetic pathways. In addition to the discovery of new structures, many positive medicinal bioactivities of meliaceous limonoids have been investigated, and extensive achievements regarding the chemical and biological synthesis have been made. This review summarizes the recent research progress in the discovery of new structures, medicinal and agricultural bioactivities, and chem/biosynthesis of limonoids from the plants of the Meliaceae family during the past decade, with an emphasis on the discovery of limonoids with novel skeletons, the medicinal bioactivities and mechanisms, and chemical synthesis. The structures, origins, and bioactivities of other new limonoids were provided as ESI. Studies published from July 2010 to December 2021 are reviewed, and 482 references are cited.
2010 年 7 月至 2021 年 12 月
柠苦素是一类具有多样骨架和宝贵杀虫及药用生物活性的天然四降三萜类化合物，是楝科植物的特征代谢物。楝科植物的柠苦素化学和生物活性是天然产物研究中一个持续的热点领域；迄今为止，已鉴定出约 2700 种楝科柠苦素。特别是由于其在楝科植物中的广泛分布和丰富含量以及活跃的生物合成途径，在过去十年中已分离和鉴定出 1600 多种，包括三十种新型重排骨架。除了发现新结构外，还研究了许多楝科柠苦素的积极药用生物活性，并在化学和生物合成方面取得了广泛的成果。本综述总结了过去十年中从楝科植物中发现新结构、药用和农业生物活性以及柠苦素的化学/生物合成方面的最新研究进展，重点介绍了具有新型骨架的柠苦素的发现、药用生物活性和机制以及化学合成。提供了其他新柠苦素的结构、来源和生物活性作为 ESI。综述了 2010 年 7 月至 2021 年 12 月发表的研究，引用了 482 篇参考文献。
