Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, United States of America.
PLoS One. 2022 May 24;17(5):e0265239. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0265239. eCollection 2022.
Previous research has demonstrated that adults with comorbid depressive and anxiety disorders are significantly more likely to show pathological use of drugs or alcohol. Few studies, however, have examined associations of this type in children. A better understanding of the relationships between affective disorders and substance experimentation in childhood could help clarify the complex ways in which pathological substance use symptoms develop early in life. The present study included 11,785 children (Mage = 9.9) participating in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. Depressive and anxiety disorder diagnoses were evaluated as concurrent predictors of experimentation with alcohol and tobacco. A series of linear regressions revealed that children with either depressive or anxiety disorders were significantly more likely to experiment with alcohol or tobacco. However, children with both depressive and anxiety diagnoses were not more likely to experiment than children without a diagnosis. These results suggest that anxiety or depressive diagnoses in childhood may be associated with a greater likelihood of substance experimentation, but severe psychological distress may suppress these effects.
先前的研究表明，同时患有抑郁和焦虑障碍的成年人更有可能出现药物或酒精的滥用。然而，很少有研究检查过这种类型的关联在儿童中是否存在。更好地了解情感障碍和物质滥用之间的关系，可以帮助澄清病理性物质使用症状在生命早期发展的复杂方式。本研究纳入了 11785 名儿童（平均年龄=9.9 岁），他们参与了青少年大脑认知发展（ABCD）研究。抑郁和焦虑障碍的诊断被评估为同时预测酒精和烟草使用的指标。一系列线性回归显示，患有抑郁或焦虑障碍的儿童更有可能尝试使用酒精或烟草。然而，同时患有抑郁和焦虑诊断的儿童并不比没有诊断的儿童更有可能尝试使用。这些结果表明，儿童期的焦虑或抑郁诊断可能与更大的物质滥用尝试可能性相关，但严重的心理困扰可能会抑制这些影响。
