Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, USA; email:
Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, USA.
Annu Rev Microbiol. 2022 Sep 8;76:235-257. doi: 10.1146/annurev-micro-042922-122020. Epub 2022 May 24.
Bacteria orchestrate collective behaviors and accomplish feats that would be unsuccessful if carried out by a lone bacterium. Processes undertaken by groups of bacteria include bioluminescence, biofilm formation, virulence factor production, and release of public goods that are shared by the community. Collective behaviors are controlled by signal transduction networks that integrate sensory information and transduce the information internally. Here, we discuss network features and mechanisms that, even in the face of dramatically changing environments, drive precise execution of bacterial group behaviors. We focus on representative quorum-sensing and second-messenger cyclic dimeric GMP (c-di-GMP) signal relays. We highlight ligand specificity versus sensitivity, how small-molecule ligands drive discrimination of kin versus nonkin, signal integration mechanisms, single-input sensory systems versus coincidence detectors, and tuning of input-output dynamics via feedback regulation. We summarize how different features of signal transduction systems allow groups of bacteria to successfully interpret and collectively react to dynamically changing environments.
细菌通过协调集体行为并完成单凭单个细菌无法完成的壮举来实现这一点。细菌群体所进行的过程包括生物发光、生物膜形成、毒力因子产生以及社区共享的公共物品的释放。集体行为由信号转导网络控制，该网络整合感官信息并在内部传递信息。在这里，我们讨论了即使在环境急剧变化的情况下，也能驱动细菌群体行为精确执行的网络特征和机制。我们重点介绍了代表性的群体感应和第二信使环二鸟苷酸（c-di-GMP）信号转导。我们强调了配体特异性与敏感性、小分子配体如何区分亲缘关系与非亲缘关系、信号整合机制、单输入感觉系统与符合探测器以及通过反馈调节来调整输入-输出动态。我们总结了信号转导系统的不同特征如何使细菌群体能够成功地解释并集体对动态变化的环境做出反应。
