Almquist Nicki Winfield, Sandbakk Øyvind, Solli Guro Strøm
Section for Health and Exercise Physiology, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Lillehammer, Norway.
Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, The August Krogh Section for Molecular Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Front Physiol. 2022 May 9;13:762950. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2022.762950. eCollection 2022.
To describe the performance-related physiological and haematological changes in a well-trained cyclist (peak oxygen uptake, VO: 54.9 ml min·kg) performing endurance training during pregnancy and postpartum. Training data was systemized by training form (endurance and resistance), intensity (low- (LIT), moderate-, and high-intensity training), and modality (cycling, running, hiking, XC-skiing, strength training and other). Power output at 4 mmol L [BLa] (L), maximal aerobic power (W), and VO as well as haemoglobin mass, blood volume, plasma volume and red blood cell volume (RBCV) were measured at different time points during pregnancy and 12 weeks postpartum. L and W increased by 3% while absolute VO was unaltered from gestational wk 2 to 14, despite 12 and 14% increases in RBCV and BV. After delivery, BV was reduced by 7% but RBCV was maintained 5% above start-pregnancy levels, while VO almost returned to (-1%), and W increased by 5% above start-pregnancy levels 12 weeks postpartum. This case-study illustrates a disassociation between increases in haematological values and VO during pregnancy. Furthermore, a quick resumption of LIT and a gradually increasing intensity of training in the 12 weeks following delivery ensured a return to start-pregnancy levels of VO and corresponding improvements in W. Although general recommendations cannot be given on the basis of these data, this study provides a framework for investigating pregnant endurance athletes and contributes to the generation of new hypotheses in this field.
描述一名训练有素的自行车运动员（峰值摄氧量，VO：54.9 ml·min·kg）在孕期和产后进行耐力训练时与运动表现相关的生理和血液学变化。训练数据按训练形式（耐力和阻力）、强度（低强度（LIT）、中等强度和高强度训练）和方式（骑行、跑步、徒步、越野滑雪、力量训练及其他）进行系统化整理。在孕期和产后12周的不同时间点测量了4 mmol·L [BLa]（L）时的功率输出、最大有氧功率（W）、VO以及血红蛋白质量、血容量、血浆容量和红细胞体积（RBCV）。从妊娠第2周到第14周，L和W增加了3%，而绝对VO未改变，尽管RBCV和BV分别增加了12%和14%。分娩后，BV减少了7%，但RBCV维持在高于妊娠初期水平5%，而VO几乎恢复到（-1%），产后12周W增加到高于妊娠初期水平5%。该案例研究说明了孕期血液学值增加与VO之间的分离。此外，产后12周迅速恢复低强度训练并逐渐增加训练强度确保了VO恢复到妊娠初期水平以及W相应改善。尽管不能基于这些数据给出一般性建议，但本研究为调查怀孕的耐力运动员提供了一个框架，并有助于在该领域产生新的假设。
