Department of Gynecology and Gynecological Endocrinology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-037 Lublin, Poland.
Department of Experimental Immunology, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4a St., 20-093 Lublin, Poland.
Int J Mol Sci. 2022 May 20;23(10):5756. doi: 10.3390/ijms23105756.
The female reproductive tract hosts a specific microbiome, which plays a crucial role in sustaining equilibrium and good health. In the majority of reproductive women, the microbiota (all bacteria, viruses, fungi, and other single-celled organisms within the human body) of the vaginal and cervical microenvironment are dominated by species, which benefit the host through symbiotic relationships, in comparison to the uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries, which may contain a low-biomass microbiome with a diverse mixture of microorganisms. Although disruption to the balance of the microbiota develops, the altered immune and metabolic signaling may cause an impact on diseases such as cancer. These pathophysiological modifications in the gut-uterus axis may spark gynecological cancers. New information displays that gynecological and gastrointestinal tract dysbiosis (disruption of the microbiota homeostasis) can play an active role in the advancement and metastasis of gynecological neoplasms, such as cervical, endometrial, and ovarian cancers. Understanding the relationship between microbiota and endometrial cancer is critical for prognosis, diagnosis, prevention, and the development of innovative treatments. Identifying a specific microbiome may become an effective method for characterization of the specific microbiota involved in endometrial carcinogenesis. The aim of this study was to summarize the current state of knowledge that describes the correlation of microbiota with endometrial cancer with regard to the formation of immunological pathologies.
女性生殖系统拥有特定的微生物组，其在维持平衡和健康方面起着至关重要的作用。在大多数生殖期女性中，阴道和宫颈微环境的微生物群（人体中所有细菌、病毒、真菌和其他单细胞生物）主要由 物种主导，这些微生物通过共生关系使宿主受益，而与子宫、输卵管和卵巢相比，这些部位的微生物群落可能具有低生物量和多样化的微生物混合物。尽管微生物群的平衡发生了破坏，但改变的免疫和代谢信号可能会对癌症等疾病产生影响。肠道-子宫轴的这些病理生理改变可能会引发妇科癌症。新的信息显示，妇科和胃肠道微生物失调（微生物群稳态的破坏）可以在妇科肿瘤（如宫颈癌、子宫内膜癌和卵巢癌）的进展和转移中发挥积极作用。了解微生物群与子宫内膜癌之间的关系对于预后、诊断、预防和开发创新治疗方法至关重要。确定特定的微生物组可能成为描述与子宫内膜癌变相关的特定微生物组的特征的有效方法。本研究的目的是总结目前描述微生物群与子宫内膜癌之间相关性的知识状态，特别是涉及免疫病理学形成的相关性。
