Tea Science Center, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan.
Research and Development, Kao Corporation, 2-1-3 Bunka, Sumida-ku, Tokyo 131-8501, Japan.
Int J Mol Sci. 2022 May 23;23(10):5832. doi: 10.3390/ijms23105832.
Mice feed with coffee polyphenols (CPP, chlorogenic acid) and milk fat globule membrane (MFGM) has increased survival rates and helps retain long-term memory. In the cerebral cortex of aged mice, CPP intake decreased the expression of the proinflammatory cytokine TNF-α, and lysosomal enzyme cathepsin B. The suppression of inflammation in the brain during aging was thought to result in the suppression of the repressor element 1-silencing transcription factor (REST) and prevention of brain aging. In contrast, CPP increased the expression of REST, cAMP-responsive element binding (CREB) and transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) in the young hippocampus. The increased expression of these factors may contribute to the induction of neuronal differentiation and the suppression of memory decline with aging. Taken together, these results suggest that CPP increases CREB in the young hippocampus and suppresses inflammation in the old brain, resulting in a preventive effect on brain aging. The endotoxin levels were not elevated in the serum of aged mice. Although the mechanism of action of MFGM has not yet been elucidated, the increase in survival rate with both CPP and MFGM intake suggests that adding milk to coffee may improve not only the taste, but also the function.
用咖啡多酚（CPP，绿原酸）和牛奶脂肪球膜（MFGM）喂养的老鼠存活率提高，并有助于保持长期记忆。在老年老鼠的大脑皮层中，CPP 摄入降低了促炎细胞因子 TNF-α和溶酶体酶组织蛋白酶 B 的表达。在衰老过程中抑制大脑炎症被认为会抑制阻遏元件 1-沉默转录因子（REST）并预防大脑衰老。相比之下，CPP 增加了年轻海马体中 REST、cAMP 反应元件结合蛋白（CREB）和转化生长因子 β1（TGF-β1）的表达。这些因子的表达增加可能有助于诱导神经元分化和抑制衰老引起的记忆下降。总之，这些结果表明 CPP 增加了年轻海马体中的 CREB，并抑制了老年大脑中的炎症，从而对大脑衰老起到预防作用。老年小鼠的血清内毒素水平没有升高。虽然 MFGM 的作用机制尚未阐明，但 CPP 和 MFGM 摄入都能提高存活率，这表明在咖啡中添加牛奶不仅可以改善口感，还可以改善功能。
