Fitzgerald Shane, Furlong Ciara, Holland Linda, Morrin Aoife
Insight Science Foundation Ireland Research Centre for Data Analytics, National Centre for Sensor Research, School of Chemical Sciences, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland.
School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland.
Metabolites. 2022 May 11;12(5):432. doi: 10.3390/metabo12050432.
is a prevalent neonatal pathogen that attains its virulence through its strain-specific ability to form biofilms. The use of volatilomics, the profiling of volatile metabolites from microbes is a non-invasive, simple way to identify and classify microbes; it has shown great potential for pathogen identification. Although is one of the most common clinical fungal pathogens, its volatilome has never been characterised. In this study, planktonic volatilomes of ten clinical strains of were analysed, along with a single strain of Headspace-solid-phase microextraction coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry were employed to analyse the samples. Species-, strain-, and media- influences on the fungal volatilomes were investigated. Twenty-four unique metabolites from the examined spp. (22 from ; 18 from . ) were included in this study. Chemical classes detected across the samples included alcohols, fatty acid esters, acetates, thiols, sesquiterpenes, and nitrogen-containing compounds. volatilomes were most clearly discriminated from based on the detection of unique sesquiterpene compounds. The effect of biofilm formation on the volatilomes was investigated for the first time by comparing volatilomes of a biofilm-positive strain and a biofilm-negative strain over time (0-48 h) using a novel sampling approach. Volatilomic shifts in the profiles of alcohols, ketones, acids, and acetates were observed specifically in the biofilm-forming samples and attributed to biofilm maturation. This study highlights species-specificity of volatilomes, and also marks the clinical potential for volatilomics for non-invasively detecting fungal pathogens. Additionally, the range of biofilm-specificity across microbial volatilomes is potentially far-reaching, and therefore characterising these volatilomic changes in pathogenic fungal and bacterial biofilms could lead to novel opportunities for detecting severe infections early.
是一种常见的新生儿病原体，它通过其菌株特异性形成生物膜的能力获得毒力。挥发性代谢组学，即对微生物挥发性代谢物进行分析，是一种非侵入性、简单的微生物鉴定和分类方法；它在病原体鉴定方面显示出巨大潜力。尽管是最常见的临床真菌病原体之一，但其挥发性代谢组从未被表征过。在本研究中，分析了10株临床菌株的浮游挥发性代谢组，以及1株的挥发性代谢组。采用顶空固相微萃取结合气相色谱 - 质谱联用技术分析样品。研究了物种、菌株和培养基对真菌挥发性代谢组的影响。本研究纳入了从所检测的 spp. 中鉴定出的24种独特代谢物（22种来自；18种来自。）。在所有样品中检测到的化学类别包括醇类、脂肪酸酯类、醋酸酯类、硫醇类、倍半萜类和含氮化合物。基于独特的倍半萜类化合物的检测，的挥发性代谢组与的挥发性代谢组最明显地区分开来。通过使用一种新颖的采样方法，比较生物膜阳性菌株和生物膜阴性菌株在0 - 48小时内随时间变化的挥发性代谢组，首次研究了生物膜形成对挥发性代谢组的影响。在形成生物膜的样品中特别观察到醇类、酮类、酸类和醋酸酯类谱图中的挥发性代谢组变化，并归因于生物膜成熟。本研究突出了挥发性代谢组的物种特异性，也标志着挥发性代谢组学在非侵入性检测真菌病原体方面的临床潜力。此外，微生物挥发性代谢组中生物膜特异性的范围可能影响深远，因此表征致病真菌和细菌生物膜中这些挥发性代谢组变化可能会带来早期检测严重感染的新机会。
