Rzymski Piotr, Sikora Dominika, Zeyland Joanna, Poniedziałek Barbara, Kiedik Dorota, Falfushynska Halina, Fal Andrzej
Department of Environmental Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-806 Poznań, Poland.
Integrated Science Association (ISA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), 60-806 Poznań, Poland.
Vaccines (Basel). 2022 May 11;10(5):754. doi: 10.3390/vaccines10050754.
This study aimed to compare the occurrence and nuisance of adverse events following administration of each COVID-19 vaccine dose between two groups: individuals given three doses of mRNA vaccine (homologous group, 3 × mRNA, = 252) and those given two doses of adenoviral vector vaccine further boosted with mRNA vaccine (heterologous group, 2 × AZ + 1 × mRNA, = 205). Although the studied groups differed significantly in the frequency and number of side effects after the first and second vaccine dose, no relevant differences were seen following the booster administration. Arm pain and fatigue were the most common effects, regardless of the vaccination group and vaccine dose. In the homologous group, female sex, lower BMI, and no history of regular influenza vaccination were associated with a higher frequency of side effects of a booster dose. In the heterologous group, the history of COVID-19 was associated with an increased number of side effects seen after a booster. In both groups, the number of side effects related to the first and second dose correlated with the number observed after administration of a booster dose. Individuals receiving a homologous booster reported a higher nuisance of side effects than the heterologous group. It was similar to the level reported after the second dose in both groups. The use of pharmaceuticals to counteract the side effects was more frequent after a first dose in the 2 × AZ + 1 × mRNA group, but higher after second dose in individuals receiving the 3 × mRNA vaccination scheme. The frequency of pharmaceutical use after a booster dose was similar in both groups (approx. 60%). Paracetamol was most frequently chosen, regardless of the group and vaccine dose. In addition, the vast majority of participants (93%) declared to accept future doses of the COVID-19 vaccine if their administration would be recommended. This study provides an overview of the response to homologous and heterologous mRNA vaccine booster dose that may be valuable in shaping accurate and honest communication with vaccinated individuals, especially in those regions which are yet to pursue booster strategies.
接种三剂mRNA疫苗的个体（同源组，3×mRNA，n = 252）和先接种两剂腺病毒载体疫苗再接种mRNA疫苗加强针的个体（异源组，2×AZ + 1×mRNA，n = 205）。尽管研究组在第一剂和第二剂疫苗接种后的副作用频率和数量上存在显著差异，但在接种加强针后未观察到相关差异。无论接种组和疫苗剂量如何，手臂疼痛和疲劳是最常见的反应。在同源组中，女性、较低的体重指数以及无定期流感疫苗接种史与加强针副作用的较高频率相关。在异源组中，新冠病史与加强针接种后出现的副作用数量增加有关。在两组中，与第一剂和第二剂相关的副作用数量与接种加强针后观察到的数量相关。接受同源加强针的个体报告的副作用困扰程度高于异源组。这与两组中第二剂接种后报告的水平相似。在2×AZ + 1×mRNA组中，第一剂接种后使用药物对抗副作用更为频繁，但在接受3×mRNA接种方案的个体中，第二剂接种后使用药物的频率更高。两组在接种加强针后使用药物的频率相似（约60%）。无论组和疫苗剂量如何，对乙酰氨基酚是最常选择的药物。此外，绝大多数参与者（93%）表示，如果建议接种，他们愿意接受未来的新冠疫苗剂量。本研究概述了对同源和异源mRNA疫苗加强针的反应，这可能有助于与接种疫苗的个体进行准确和诚实的沟通，特别是在尚未推行加强针策略的地区。
