Liu Huimin, Dong Lei, Zhao Yankun, Meng Lu, Wang Jiaqi, Wang Cheng, Zheng Nan
Ministry of Agriculture Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Dairy Products (Beijing), Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.
Ministry of Agriculture-Milk and Dairy Product Inspection Center (Beijing), Beijing, China.
Front Microbiol. 2022 May 13;13:840670. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.840670. eCollection 2022.
() is one of the main pathogens in different raw milk and dairy products, which may lead to economic losses. is a significant and costly public health concern because it may enter the human food chain and contaminate milk causing foodborne illness. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence, antimicrobial susceptibility and virulence genes of in raw milks. In total, 125 raw milk samples collected from goat ( = 50), buffalo ( = 25), camel ( = 25), and yak ( = 25) were collected from 5 provinces in China in 2016. Out of 125 samples, 36 (28.8%) were isolated (16 from goat, 9 from buffalo, 6 from camel, and 5 from yak). Out of 36 , 26 strains (26/36, 72.2%) showed antibiotics resistance, and 6 strains isolated from goats were identified as methicillin-resistant (MRSA). The antimicrobial resistance against Penicillin G, tetracycline and gentamicin was 50% (18/36), 41.7% (15/36), and 36.1% (13/36), respectively. 19 (52.8%) were considered as multidrug resistant. The highest prevalence of resistant was observed in goat milk (13/36, 36.1%). Among the 36 strains, 16 isolates harbored three or more resistant genes. The resistance genes were detected in 25 , including 13 strains in goat, 5 strains in buffalo, 4 strains in camel, and 3 strains in yak. Among the 26 resistant strains, 61.5% of isolates harbored three or more resistant genes. The resistance genes were detected in 25 , including 13 strains in goat milk, 5 strains in buffalo milk, 4 strains in camel milk, and 3 strains in yak milk. The most predominant resistance genes were Z (18/26, 69.2%), '- (13/26, 50.0%), and (M) (10/26, 38.5%). The A, Ia and A gene were only detected in from goat milk. The most predominant toxin gene were (8/26, 30.8%). The majority of were multidrug resistant and carried multiple virulence genes, which may pose potential risk to public health. Our findings indicated that the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of was a serious concern in different raw milks in China, especially goat milks.
（某病原体名称）是不同生鲜乳和乳制品中的主要病原体之一，可能导致经济损失。它是一个重大且代价高昂的公共卫生问题，因为它可能进入人类食物链并污染牛奶，引发食源性疾病。本研究旨在调查生鲜乳中该病原体的流行情况、抗菌药物敏感性及毒力基因。2016年，从中国5个省份共采集了125份生鲜乳样本，其中山羊奶样本50份、水牛奶样本25份、骆驼奶样本25份、牦牛奶样本25份。在125份样本中，分离出36株该病原体（山羊奶中分离出16株、水牛奶中9株、骆驼奶中6株、牦牛奶中5株）。在36株该病原体中，26株（26/36，72.2%）表现出抗生素耐药性，从山羊奶中分离出的6株被鉴定为耐甲氧西林（某病原体名称）（MRSA）。对青霉素G、四环素和庆大霉素的耐药率分别为50%（18/36）、41.7%（15/36）和36.1%（13/36）。19株（52.8%）被认为是多重耐药菌。耐药该病原体在山羊奶中检出率最高（13/36，36.1%）。在36株菌株中，16株分离株携带三种或更多耐药基因。在25株该病原体中检测到耐药基因，其中山羊奶中有13株、水牛奶中有5株、骆驼奶中有4株、牦牛奶中有3株。在26株耐药菌株中，61.5%的分离株携带三种或更多耐药基因。在25株该病原体中检测到耐药基因，包括山羊奶中有13株、水牛奶中有5株、骆驼奶中有4株、牦牛奶中有3株。最主要的耐药基因是Z（18/26，69.2%）、'-（13/26，50.0%）和（M）（10/26，38.5%）。A、Ia和A基因仅在山羊奶中的该病原体中检测到。最主要的毒素基因是（8/26，30.8%）。大多数该病原体是多重耐药菌且携带多个毒力基因，这可能对公众健康构成潜在风险。我们的研究结果表明，该病原体在中国不同生鲜乳尤其是山羊奶中的流行情况和抗菌药物耐药性是一个严重问题。
