Walker Gabriela, Yockey Mark, Wone Bernard W M
Special Education Department, National University, Fresno, CA USA.
Beacom School of Business, University of South Dakota, 414 E. Clark, Vermillion, SD 57069 USA.
Int J Ment Health Addict. 2022 May 23:1-25. doi: 10.1007/s11469-022-00834-w.
Addiction behavior and the resulting short-term or long-term disabilities continue to increase globally, especially during the current COVID pandemic. We analyze how national measures of 38 global indices correlate with national addiction-related disability rates resulting from four primary addictive substances: alcohol, tobacco, drugs, and food. We utilized a canonical correspondence analysis to explore the relationships between 38 political, economic, and cultural characteristics and years of life lived with a short-term or long-term health loss in 78 countries. The model selection approach reduced 38 global indices to 13 explanatory variables (final model: = 5·64, < 0.001 after 1000 permutations). Results show that the following factors are correlated with increased addiction disabilities stemming from obesity, alcohol, drug, and tobacco use: political stability; voice and accountability; control of corruption; economic freedom; women economic opportunity; Human Development Index; individuality; masculinity; long-term orientation; indulgence; uncertainty avoidance; personal contact; and religious diversity. Health care policy makers should consider that national culture, political attributes, and economic characteristics can influence national disability rates resulting from addictions.
成瘾行为以及由此导致的短期或长期残疾在全球范围内持续增加，尤其是在当前的新冠疫情期间。我们分析了38项全球指标的国家措施与四种主要成瘾物质（酒精、烟草、毒品和食物）导致的国家成瘾相关残疾率之间的关联。我们利用典范对应分析来探究78个国家的38种政治、经济和文化特征与因短期或长期健康损失而减少的寿命年数之间的关系。模型选择方法将38项全球指标缩减为13个解释变量（最终模型： = 5·64，1000次排列后 < 0.001）。结果表明，以下因素与肥胖、酒精、毒品和烟草使用导致的成瘾残疾增加相关：政治稳定；发言权和问责制；腐败控制；经济自由；女性经济机会；人类发展指数；个性；男子气概；长期取向；放纵；不确定性规避；人际接触；以及宗教多样性。医疗保健政策制定者应考虑到国家文化、政治属性和经济特征会影响成瘾导致的国家残疾率。
