University of Southampton, Southampton, Hampshire, UK.
Mountbatten Hospice, Newport, Isle of Wight, UK.
Omega (Westport). 2024 Sep;89(4):1293-1319. doi: 10.1177/00302228221083110. Epub 2022 May 29.
Attachment insecurity, including attachment anxiety and attachment avoidance, is proposed as a key factor disrupting adaptive recovery following bereavement, resulting in complicated grief. However, findings are inconsistent across studies. This review aimed to synthesise existing research on attachment patterns in adults experiencing complicated grief to better understand this relationship. 22 cross-sectional and longitudinal studies (5149 participants), published between 2003 and 2020, met inclusion criteria. Higher levels of attachment anxiety were consistently associated with symptoms of complicated grief. Higher levels of attachment avoidance were associated with symptoms of complicated grief, although this relationship was less consistent. The review has implications for clinical practice as bereaved adults with insecure attachment histories may be particularly vulnerable to experiencing complicated grief. The research is limited by the reliance on mainly cross-sectional studies. Future research should focus on longitudinal studies, and studies that explore men's experiences, and of individuals living in non-Western countries.
依恋不安全感，包括依恋焦虑和依恋回避，被认为是破坏丧亲后适应性恢复的关键因素，导致复杂性悲伤。然而，研究结果不一致。本综述旨在综合现有关于经历复杂性悲伤的成年人依恋模式的研究，以更好地理解这种关系。2003 年至 2020 年间发表的 22 项横断面和纵向研究（5149 名参与者）符合纳入标准。较高的依恋焦虑水平与复杂性悲伤症状始终相关。较高的依恋回避水平与复杂性悲伤症状相关，但这种关系不太一致。该综述对临床实践具有重要意义，因为有不安全依恋史的丧亲成年人可能特别容易经历复杂性悲伤。研究的局限性在于主要依赖横断面研究。未来的研究应侧重于纵向研究，以及探索男性体验和非西方国家个体体验的研究。
