Ventura Célia, Marques Catarina, Cadete João, Vilar Madalena, Pedrosa Jorge F S, Pinto Fátima, Fernandes Susete Nogueira, da Rosa Rafaela Raupp, Godinho Maria Helena, Ferreira Paulo J T, Louro Henriqueta, Silva Maria João
Department of Human Genetics, National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge (INSA), Av. Padre Cruz, 1649-016 Lisbon, Portugal.
Center for Toxicogenomics and Human Health (ToxOmics), NOVA Medical School-FCM, UNL, Rua Câmara Pestana, 6 Ed. CEDOC II, 1150-082 Lisbon, Portugal.
J Xenobiot. 2022 Apr 21;12(2):91-108. doi: 10.3390/jox12020009.
(1) Background: Nanocellulose is an innovative engineered nanomaterial with an enormous potential for use in a wide array of industrial and biomedical applications and with fast growing economic value. The expanding production of nanocellulose is leading to an increased human exposure, raising concerns about their potential health effects. This study was aimed at assessing the potential toxic and genotoxic effects of different nanocelluloses in two mammalian cell lines; (2) Methods: Two micro/nanocelluloses, produced with a TEMPO oxidation pre-treatment (CNFs) and an enzymatic pre-treatment (CMFs), and cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) were tested in osteoblastic-like human cells (MG-63) and Chinese hamster lung fibroblasts (V79) using the MTT and clonogenic assays to analyse cytotoxicity, and the micronucleus assay to test genotoxicity; (3) Results: cytotoxicity was observed by the clonogenic assay in V79 cells, particularly for CNCs, but not by the MTT assay; CNF induced micronuclei in both cell lines and nucleoplasmic bridges in MG-63 cells; CMF and CNC induced micronuclei and nucleoplasmic bridges in MG-63 cells, but not in V79 cells; (4) Conclusions: All nanocelluloses revealed cytotoxicity and genotoxicity, although at different concentrations, that may be related to their physicochemical differences and availability for cell uptake, and to differences in the DNA damage response of the cell model.
(1) 背景：纳米纤维素是一种创新型工程纳米材料，在众多工业和生物医学应用中具有巨大潜力，且经济价值快速增长。纳米纤维素产量的不断增加导致人类接触增多，引发了对其潜在健康影响的担忧。本研究旨在评估不同纳米纤维素对两种哺乳动物细胞系的潜在毒性和遗传毒性作用；(2) 方法：使用MTT和克隆形成试验分析细胞毒性，以及微核试验检测遗传毒性，对经TEMPO氧化预处理（CNFs）和酶预处理（CMFs）制备的两种微/纳米纤维素以及纤维素纳米晶体（CNCs）在成骨样人细胞（MG-63）和中国仓鼠肺成纤维细胞（V79）中进行测试；(3) 结果：克隆形成试验在V79细胞中观察到细胞毒性，特别是对于CNCs，但MTT试验未观察到；CNF在两种细胞系中均诱导产生微核，在MG-63细胞中诱导产生核质桥；CMF和CNC在MG-63细胞中诱导产生微核和核质桥，但在V79细胞中未诱导产生；(4) 结论：所有纳米纤维素均显示出细胞毒性和遗传毒性，尽管浓度不同，这可能与其物理化学差异、细胞摄取的可及性以及细胞模型的DNA损伤反应差异有关。
