Key Laboratory of High Performance Plastics, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China.
ACS Biomater Sci Eng. 2022 Jun 13;8(6):2375-2389. doi: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c00095. Epub 2022 Jun 2.
Ideal bone implant materials need to provide multiple functions such as biocompatibility, non-cytotoxicity, and bone tissue regeneration guidance. To tackle this challenge, according to our previous work, carbon fiber (40 mm)-reinforced polyetheretherketone (CFPEEK) composites were developed by using 3D needle-punched CFPEEK preform molding technology. Because of the excellent mechanical properties, the CFPEEK needled felt matrix composites have a broad application prospect in orthopedic internal fixation and implant materials. In order to expand the application range of composite materials, it is very necessary to improve the surface bioactivity of composite materials. The surface modification of CFPEEK with 2D titanium carbide (MXene) nanosheets (sulfonated CFPEEK (SCFPEEK)-polydopamine (PDA)-TiCT) for enhanced photothermal antibacterial activity and osteogenicity was explored in this study. Here, the new composites we constructed are composed of TiCT nanosheets, PDA, and biologically inert SCFPEEK, which gave the bio-inert composites bimodal therapeutic features: photothermal antibacterial activity and osseointegration. To our knowledge, this is the first time that a CFPEEK implant with a bioactive surface modified by TiCT nanosheets was demonstrated. Due to the synergistic photothermal therapy (PTT) treatment of TiCT/PDA, SCFPEEK-PDA-TiCT (SCP-PDA-Ti) absorbed heat and the temperature increased to 40.8-59.6 °C─the high temperature led to bacterial apoptosis. The SCP-PDA-Ti materials could effectively kill bacteria after 10 min of near-infrared (NIR) irradiation at 808 nm. SCP-PDA-Ti (2.5) and SCP-PDA-Ti (3.0) achieved a 100% bacteriostasis rate. More importantly, the multifunctional implant SCP-PDA-Ti shows good cytocompatibility and an excellent ability to promote bone formation in terms of cytotoxicity, diffusion, alkaline phosphatase activity, alizarin red activity, real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis, and bone defect osteogenesis experiments. This provides a more extendable development idea for the application of carbon fiber-reinforced composites as orthopedic implants.
理想的骨植入材料需要提供多种功能，如生物相容性、非细胞毒性和骨组织再生指导。为了应对这一挑战，根据我们之前的工作，采用 3D 针刺 CFPEEK 预制件成型技术，开发了碳纤维（40mm）增强聚醚醚酮（CFPEEK）复合材料。由于其优异的机械性能，CFPEEK 针刺毡基质复合材料在骨科内固定和植入材料中有广阔的应用前景。为了扩大复合材料的应用范围，非常有必要提高复合材料的表面生物活性。本研究探索了二维碳化钛（MXene）纳米片（磺化 CFPEEK（SCFPEEK）-聚多巴胺（PDA）-TiCT）对 CFPEEK 的表面改性，以提高光热抗菌活性和成骨活性。在这里，我们构建的新型复合材料由 TiCT 纳米片、PDA 和生物惰性的 SCFPEEK 组成，赋予了生物惰性复合材料双模式治疗特性：光热抗菌活性和骨整合。据我们所知，这是首次证明具有 TiCT 纳米片改性的生物活性表面的 CFPEEK 植入物。由于 TiCT/PDA 的协同光热治疗（PTT）处理，SCFPEEK-PDA-TiCT（SCP-PDA-Ti）吸收热量，温度升高到 40.8-59.6°C─高温导致细菌凋亡。SCP-PDA-Ti 材料在 808nm 近红外（NIR）照射 10min 后能有效杀死细菌。SCP-PDA-Ti（2.5）和 SCP-PDA-Ti（3.0）实现了 100%的抑菌率。更重要的是，多功能植入物 SCP-PDA-Ti 表现出良好的细胞相容性和促进骨形成的优异能力，表现在细胞毒性、扩散、碱性磷酸酶活性、茜素红活性、实时聚合酶链反应分析和骨缺损成骨实验方面。这为碳纤维增强复合材料作为骨科植入物的应用提供了更广阔的拓展思路。
