Australian Centre for Water and Environmental Biotechnology (ACWEB, formerly AWMC), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia.
Environ Sci Technol. 2022 Jun 21;56(12):7522-7531. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.1c06107. Epub 2022 Jun 3.
erobic onium idation (anammox) was discovered as a new microbial reaction in the late 1990s, which led to the development of an innovative energy- and carbon-efficient technology─partial nitritation and anammox (PN/A)─for nitrogen removal. PN/A was first applied to remove the nitrogen from high-strength wastewaters, e.g., anaerobic digestion liquor (i.e., sidestream), and further expanded to the main line of wastewater treatment plants (i.e., mainstream). While sidestream PN/A has been well-established with extensive full-scale installations worldwide, practical application of PN/A in mainstream treatment has been proven extremely challenging to date. A key challenge is achieving stable suppression of nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB). This study examines the progress of NOB suppression in both sidestream- and mainstream PN/A over the past two decades. The successful NOB suppression in sidestream PN/A was reviewed, and these successes were evaluated in terms of their transferability into mainstream PN/A. Drawing on the learning over the past decades, we anticipate that a hybrid process, comprised of biofilm and floccular sludge, bears great potential to achieve efficient mainstream PN/A, while a combination of strategies is entailed for stable NOB suppression. Furthermore, the recent discovery of novel nitrifiers would trigger new opportunities and new challenges for mainstream PN/A.
好氧阳离子氧化（厌氧氨氧化）是在 20 世纪 90 年代末被发现的一种新的微生物反应，这导致了一种创新的节能和碳高效技术——部分亚硝化和厌氧氨氧化（PN/A）——的发展，用于去除氮。PN/A 最初被应用于去除高强度废水中的氮，例如厌氧消化液（即侧流），并进一步扩展到污水处理厂的主线（即主流）。虽然侧流 PN/A 在全球范围内已经得到了广泛的应用，但到目前为止，PN/A 在主流处理中的实际应用已被证明极具挑战性。一个关键的挑战是实现对亚硝酸盐氧化菌（NOB）的稳定抑制。本研究考察了过去二十年来侧流和主流 PN/A 中 NOB 抑制的进展。综述了侧流 PN/A 中成功抑制 NOB 的情况，并从其在主流 PN/A 中的可转移性方面对这些成功进行了评估。借鉴过去几十年的经验，我们预计由生物膜和絮状污泥组成的混合工艺将具有实现高效主流 PN/A 的巨大潜力，而稳定抑制 NOB 则需要多种策略的结合。此外，新型硝化菌的最新发现将为主流 PN/A 带来新的机遇和挑战。
