Uwishema Olivier, Elebesunu Emmanuel Ebuka, Bouaddi Oumnia, Kapoor Arushi, Akhtar Samaa, Effiong Fortune Benjamin, Chaudhary Adhiraj, Onyeaka Helen
Oli Health Magazine Organization, Research and Education, Kigali, Rwanda.
Clinton Global Initiative University, New York, USA.
Clin Epidemiol Glob Health. 2022 Jul-Aug;16:101073. doi: 10.1016/j.cegh.2022.101073. Epub 2022 May 29.
Poliomyelitis is the leading infectious cause of acute flaccid paralysis among children under five years of age, caused by the Wild Poliovirus, with no medical cure other than prevention through vaccination. The advent of mass vaccination campaigns against polio disease worldwide has greatly decreased the number of global cases and limited the rate of transmission. However, the emergence of Vaccine-derived Poliovirus due to genetic reversions in the live attenuated oral polio vaccine has posed a significant impediment to global polio eradication efforts. Therefore, There is a need to modify the vaccination regimen by utilizing more doses of inactivated poliovirus vaccine or adopting the bivalent oral polio vaccine in order to eliminate the transmission of Vaccine-derived Poliovirus. In addition, collective efforts from governments, health policymakers, vaccination groups and health-related bodies are required to improve vaccine coverage and suppress the circulation of Vaccine-derived Poliovirus.
脊髓灰质炎是五岁以下儿童急性弛缓性麻痹的主要感染原因，由野生脊髓灰质炎病毒引起，除了通过接种疫苗预防外没有其他医学治愈方法。全球针对脊髓灰质炎疾病的大规模疫苗接种运动的出现，大大减少了全球病例数量，并限制了传播率。然而，由于减毒活口服脊髓灰质炎疫苗中的基因逆转而出现的疫苗衍生脊髓灰质炎病毒，对全球根除脊髓灰质炎的努力构成了重大障碍。因此，有必要通过使用更多剂量的灭活脊髓灰质炎疫苗或采用二价口服脊髓灰质炎疫苗来修改疫苗接种方案，以消除疫苗衍生脊髓灰质炎病毒的传播。此外，政府、卫生政策制定者、疫苗接种团体和与健康相关的机构需要共同努力，以提高疫苗接种覆盖率并抑制疫苗衍生脊髓灰质炎病毒的传播。
