Laboratoire de Biologie, Eau Et Environnement, Département d'Écologie Et Génie de L'Environnement, Université 8 Mai 1945 Guelma, BP 4010, Guelma, 24000, Algérie.
Département de Biologie, Université 8 Mai 1945 Guelma, BP 4010, Guelma, 24000, Algérie.
Biol Trace Elem Res. 2023 Apr;201(4):1704-1716. doi: 10.1007/s12011-022-03308-1. Epub 2022 Jun 6.
During the recent decades, adverse effects of unexpected contaminants, such as heavy metals on raw cow milk quality, have threatened human health. The objective of this study was to determine heavy metal levels in raw milk collected from autochthonous bovine breeds in the eastern region of Algeria. Eighty-eight pooled milk samples were analyzed using atomic absorption spectrometry for Pb, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Fe, and Zn, and dietary risks were estimated for infants, children, and adults with minimum, average, and maximum milk consumption scenarios. Results revealed that Pb (0.94 ± 0.49 mg/kg), Cd (0.03 ± 0.01 mg/kg), and Cu (0.14 ± 0.08 mg/kg) levels in all analyzed samples were higher than their corresponding maximum residue levels (MRLs). The task hazard quotient (THQ) values suggest potential risk for infants in the three scenarios from Pb, Cd, and Cr; for children in the three scenarios from Pb and in the high scenario from Cr; and for adults in the medium and high scenarios from Pb. The hazard index (HI) values were higher than 1, and the contributions of each metal to the overall HI followed a descending order of Pb, Cr, Cd, Ni, Zn, Cu, and Fe with values of 68.19%, 15.39%, 6.91%, 4.94%, 3.42%, 0.88%, and 0.28%, respectively. Our results indicated that there may be a potential risk of heavy metals, especially Pb, for infants through raw cow milk consumption. Moreover, data actualization and continuous monitoring are necessary and recommended to evaluate heavy metal effects in future studies.
在最近几十年，意外污染物（如重金属）对生牛乳质量的不良影响，已经威胁到人类健康。本研究的目的是确定阿尔及利亚东部地区本土牛品种生牛乳中的重金属水平。使用原子吸收光谱法对 88 个混合牛奶样本进行了分析，用于测定 Pb、Cd、Cr、Cu、Ni、Fe 和 Zn 的含量，并根据最低、平均和最大牛奶消费情景，估计婴儿、儿童和成年人的膳食风险。结果表明，所有分析样本中的 Pb（0.94±0.49 mg/kg）、Cd（0.03±0.01 mg/kg）和 Cu（0.14±0.08 mg/kg）含量均高于相应的最大残留限量（MRL）。任务危害系数（THQ）值表明，在三种情景下，婴儿可能会受到 Pb、Cd 和 Cr 的潜在风险；在三种情景下，儿童可能会受到 Pb 的潜在风险，在高情景下会受到 Cr 的潜在风险；在中高情景下，成年人可能会受到 Pb 的潜在风险。危害指数（HI）值均大于 1，且每种金属对总体 HI 的贡献大小依次为 Pb、Cr、Cd、Ni、Zn、Cu 和 Fe，其值分别为 68.19%、15.39%、6.91%、4.94%、3.42%、0.88%和 0.28%。我们的研究结果表明，婴儿通过饮用生牛乳可能会面临重金属（尤其是 Pb）的潜在风险。此外，为了评估未来研究中重金属的影响，需要对数据进行实际化和持续监测。
