益生菌在1型糖尿病管理中的证据及可能机制
Evidence and possible mechanisms of probiotics in the management of type 1 diabetes mellitus.
作者信息
Dovi Kodzovi Sylvain, Bajinka Ousman, Conteh Ishmail
机构信息
Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Hunan Province 410078, Changsha, People's Republic of China.
Department of Medical Microbiology, Central South University Changsha, Hunan Provinces, Changsha, China.
出版信息
J Diabetes Metab Disord. 2022 Feb 24;21(1):1081-1094. doi: 10.1007/s40200-022-01006-2. eCollection 2022 Jun.
ABSTRACT
Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is one of the most common chronic immune-mediated diseases. The prevalence is worldwide especially among children and young adults. The destruction of the pancreatic β-cells due to some abnormalities in the immune system characterizes T1DM. Considering the high burden of the disease and its impact on human health, researchers have made great efforts during the last decades; investigating the disease pathogenesis and discovering new strategies for its management. Fortunately, probiotics have been found as potential remedies for T1DM. This review aims to explore the potentialities of probiotics in managing T1DM and its complications. Based on the outcomes of human and animal studies carried out from 2016 to 2021, the review hopes to assess the effectiveness of probiotics in the prevention and treatment of T1DM and its complications. We first tried to explain the disease's pathogenesis, and highlighted the possible mechanisms involved in these potentialities of probiotics. We concluded that, probiotics can be used as possible therapeutic tools for the management of T1DM. Possible mechanisms of action of probiotics include; the modulation of the gut microbiota, the regulation of inflammation-related cytokines, the production of short chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and the regulation of GLP-1. However, we recommend further studies especially human trials should be carried out to investigate these potentialities of probiotics.
HIGHLIGHTS
• T1DM is highly prevalent worldwide, causing high morbidity and mortality especially among children and young adults• Gut microbiota plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of T1DM via an interconnection with the immune system• Probiotics can be used as possible therapeutic tools for the management of T1DM• Possible mechanisms of action of probiotics include the modulation of the gut microbiota, the regulation of inflammation-related cytokines, the production of SCFAs, and the regulation of GLP-1.
摘要
1型糖尿病（T1DM）是最常见的慢性免疫介导疾病之一。其患病率在全球范围内都很高，尤其是在儿童和年轻人中。免疫系统的某些异常导致胰腺β细胞的破坏是T1DM的特征。鉴于该疾病的高负担及其对人类健康的影响，研究人员在过去几十年中付出了巨大努力，研究疾病发病机制并发现新的管理策略。幸运的是，益生菌已被发现是T1DM的潜在治疗方法。本综述旨在探讨益生菌在管理T1DM及其并发症方面的潜力。基于2016年至2021年进行的人类和动物研究结果，本综述希望评估益生菌在预防和治疗T1DM及其并发症方面的有效性。我们首先试图解释该疾病的发病机制，并强调了益生菌这些潜力所涉及的可能机制。我们得出结论，益生菌可作为管理T1DM的可能治疗工具。益生菌可能的作用机制包括：调节肠道微生物群、调节炎症相关细胞因子、产生短链脂肪酸（SCFAs）以及调节胰高血糖素样肽-1（GLP-1）。然而，我们建议应进一步开展研究，尤其是人体试验，以研究益生菌的这些潜力。
要点
• T1DM在全球范围内高度流行，导致高发病率和高死亡率，尤其是在儿童和年轻人中• 肠道微生物群通过与免疫系统的相互联系在T1DM的发病机制中起重要作用• 益生菌可作为管理T1DM的可能治疗工具• 益生菌可能的作用机制包括调节肠道微生物群、调节炎症相关细胞因子、产生SCFAs以及调节GLP-1。
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