Department of Food Sciences and Nutrition, School of Food Sciences and Nutrition, Mukogawa Women's University, 6-46 Ikebiraki-cho, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, 663-8558, Japan.
Research Institute for Nutrition Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan.
BMC Geriatr. 2022 Jun 8;22(1):491. doi: 10.1186/s12877-022-03188-z.
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has adversely affected social contact and physical activity. This study investigated the correlation between physical activity, social contact, and sedentary time among adults aged 65 years and above during the COVID-19 pandemic.
This study was conducted in N City, H Prefecture, Japan. The authors randomly selected 4,996 adults, aged 65 years and above (mean age 74.1 ± 6.1 years), living in N City, and survey forms were distributed by mail in mid-August 2020. Altogether, 1,925 participants were included in this study. The survey comprised questions concerning the participants' sex, height, weight, age, smoking and drinking habits, living arrangements, social contact assessments, physical activity levels, and sedentary time. Moreover, linear regression analysis was utilized to investigate the associations between the variables.
The reported median physical activity was 1272 metabolic equivalent of task-min/week (interquartile range 528-2628), and the reported median sedentary time was 360 min/week (interquartile range 240-600). COVID-19 "somewhat," "quite a lot," or "completely" hindered the frequency of in-person contact with friends among 75.5% of the respondents and hampered the frequency of virtual contact with friends among 38.8% of the respondents. Physical activity was associated significantly with in-person contact indicators: "interaction with friends" (B = -0.111; 95%CI: -0.187, -0.035; p = 0.004) and "social participation" (B = -0.163; 95%CI: -0.248, -0.079; p < 0.001). These associations remained significant for both multivariate analysis Models 1 (sex and age) and 2 (addition of body mass index [BMI], alcohol use, smoking, living alone, and the number of illnesses to Model 1). Additionally, sedentary time was significantly associated with the social contact variable of "interaction with friends" (B = 0.04; 95%CI: 0.016, 0.064; p = 0.001). This association remained significant in both multivariate analysis models.
Significant associations were confirmed between reduced social contact, decreased physical activity, and more sedentary behavior among older adults due to COVID-19. Hence, continuous monitoring and support for social activities among susceptible older adults in extraordinary circumstances are essential.
2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）对社交接触和身体活动产生了不利影响。本研究旨在调查 COVID-19 大流行期间，65 岁及以上成年人的身体活动、社交接触和久坐时间之间的相关性。
本研究在日本 H 县 N 市进行。作者随机选择了 4996 名 65 岁及以上（平均年龄 74.1±6.1 岁）的成年人，并于 2020 年 8 月中旬通过邮件分发了调查问卷。共有 1925 名参与者纳入本研究。调查问卷包括参与者的性别、身高、体重、年龄、吸烟和饮酒习惯、居住安排、社交接触评估、身体活动水平和久坐时间。此外，还利用线性回归分析来研究变量之间的关系。
报告的中位身体活动量为 1272 代谢当量任务分钟/周（四分位距 528-2628），报告的中位久坐时间为 360 分钟/周（四分位距 240-600）。COVID-19“有些”、“相当多”或“完全”阻碍了 75.5%的受访者与朋友的面对面接触频率，阻碍了 38.8%的受访者与朋友的虚拟接触频率。身体活动与面对面接触指标显著相关：“与朋友互动”（B=-0.111；95%CI：-0.187，-0.035；p=0.004）和“社会参与”（B=-0.163；95%CI：-0.248，-0.079；p<0.001）。多元分析模型 1（性别和年龄）和模型 2（向模型 1中添加体重指数[BMI]、饮酒、吸烟、独居和疾病数量）中，这些关联仍然显著。此外，久坐时间与社交接触变量“与朋友互动”显著相关（B=0.04；95%CI：0.016，0.064；p=0.001）。在多元分析模型中，该关联仍然显著。
COVID-19 导致老年人社交接触减少、身体活动减少和久坐行为增加。因此，在特殊情况下，需要对易受影响的老年人进行持续的社交活动监测和支持。
