Department of Environmental Microbiology, Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland.
Department of Environmental Systems Science, Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland.
FEMS Microbiol Ecol. 2022 Jul 28;98(8). doi: 10.1093/femsec/fiac071.
Opportunistic pathogens belonging to the genus Legionella are among the most reported waterborne-associated pathogens in industrialized countries. Legionella colonize a variety of engineered aquatic ecosystems and persist in biofilms where they interact with a multitude of other resident microorganisms. In this review, we assess how some of these interactions could be used to develop a biological-driven "probiotic" control approach against Legionella. We focus on: (i) mechanisms limiting the ability of Legionella to establish and replicate within some of their natural protozoan hosts; (ii) exploitative and interference competitive interactions between Legionella and other microorganisms; and (iii) the potential of predatory bacteria and phages against Legionella. This field is still emergent, and we therefore specifically highlight research for future investigations, and propose perspectives on the feasibility and public acceptance of a potential probiotic approach.
机会致病菌属军团菌是在工业化国家中报道最多的与水有关的病原体之一。军团菌在各种工程水生生态系统中定殖，并在生物膜中存活，在那里它们与许多其他常驻微生物相互作用。在这篇综述中，我们评估了其中一些相互作用如何被用于开发针对军团菌的生物驱动的“益生菌”控制方法。我们关注的是：（i）限制军团菌在其一些天然原生动物宿主中建立和复制的能力的机制；（ii）军团菌与其他微生物之间的掠夺性和干扰性竞争相互作用；以及（iii）捕食性细菌和噬菌体对军团菌的潜在作用。这个领域还处于萌芽阶段，因此我们特别强调了未来研究的方向，并就潜在益生菌方法的可行性和公众接受程度提出了观点。
