Human Nutrition Research Unit, Department of Agricultural, Food & Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada.
Women and Children's Health Research Institute, Edmonton, AB T6G 1C9, Canada.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 May 25;19(11):6419. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19116419.
Determining energy requirements is vital for optimizing nutrition interventions in pro-catabolic conditions such as cancer. Gynecological cancer encompasses the most common malignancies in women, yet there is a paucity of research on its metabolic implications. The aim of this review was to explore the literature related to energy metabolism in gynecological cancers. We were particularly interested in exploring the prevalence of energy metabolism abnormalities, methodological approaches used to assess energy metabolism, and clinical implications of inaccurately estimating energy needs. A search strategy was conducted from inception to 27 July 2021. Studies investigating energy metabolism using accurate techniques in adults with any stage of gynecological cancer and the type of treatment were considered. Of the 874 articles screened for eligibility, five studies were included. The definition of energy metabolism abnormalities varied among studies. Considering this limitation, four of the five studies reported hypermetabolism. One of these studies found that hypermetabolism was more prevalent in ovarian compared to cervical cancer. Of the included studies, one reported normometabolism at the group level; individual-level values were not reported. One of the studies reported hypermetabolism pre- and post-treatment, but normometabolism when re-assessed two years post-treatment. No studies explored clinical implications of inaccurately estimating energy needs. Overall, commonly used equations may not accurately predict energy expenditure in gynecological cancers, which can profoundly impact nutritional assessment and intervention.
确定能量需求对于优化癌症等分解代谢状态下的营养干预至关重要。妇科癌症包括女性最常见的恶性肿瘤，但关于其代谢影响的研究却很少。本综述旨在探讨妇科癌症能量代谢相关文献。我们特别感兴趣的是探讨能量代谢异常的流行情况、评估能量代谢的方法学方法以及不准确估计能量需求的临床意义。从成立到 2021 年 7 月 27 日，我们进行了搜索策略。研究使用准确的技术在任何阶段的妇科癌症和治疗类型的成年人中调查能量代谢。在筛选出的 874 篇合格文章中，有 5 篇研究被纳入。研究中能量代谢异常的定义各不相同。考虑到这一局限性，五分之四的研究报告了代谢亢进。其中一项研究发现，与宫颈癌相比，卵巢癌中代谢亢进更为普遍。在纳入的研究中，有一项报告在组水平上为正常代谢；未报告个体水平的值。其中一项研究报告了治疗前后的代谢亢进，但在治疗后两年重新评估时为正常代谢。没有研究探讨不准确估计能量需求的临床意义。总的来说，常用的方程可能无法准确预测妇科癌症中的能量消耗，这会对营养评估和干预产生深远影响。
