Hospital Fundación Instituto San José, 28054 Madrid, Spain.
Department of Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine, Rey Juan Carlos University, 28922 Madrid, Spain.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 May 26;19(11):6497. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19116497.
The COVID-19 pandemic caused a lot of social and health chaos. Our main aim in this study was to examine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on occupational balance in the Spanish population, one year post the beginning of the pandemic compared with the pre-pandemic period. Data were collected among the Spanish population over 18 years of age by the Occupational Balance Questionnaire online survey; questions about satisfaction and performance of activities, and on the modification of routine and habits were asked. A total of 300 participants were included; 55.3% were female, with a mean age of 41.39 years. Significantly greater occupational imbalance was found in 1-year-post-confinement period of pandemic, as well as an increase in the difficulty of performance and a decrease in satisfaction with it. A greater number of the sample had modified their routines (p < 0.01), lost habits (p < 0.01), and did not resume habits (p < 0.01). In the analysis by age groups, differences were found in the variables related to habits and occupational balance. The social restriction measures negatively impacted occupational balance in the Spanish population. There was a decrease in occupational participation, increased difficulty in performance, decreased satisfaction in occupational performance, and modification of habits and routines.
COVID-19 大流行造成了很多社会和健康混乱。本研究的主要目的是在 COVID-19 大流行开始一年后，与大流行前时期相比，研究 COVID-19 大流行对西班牙人口职业平衡的影响。通过在线职业平衡问卷调查收集了 18 岁以上的西班牙人群的数据；询问了有关活动满意度和绩效以及常规和习惯改变的问题。共纳入 300 名参与者；55.3%为女性，平均年龄为 41.39 岁。发现大流行禁闭 1 年后职业平衡明显失衡，表现难度增加，满意度下降。更多的样本改变了他们的日常习惯（p<0.01），失去了习惯（p<0.01），没有恢复习惯（p<0.01）。在按年龄组进行的分析中，发现与习惯和职业平衡相关的变量存在差异。社会限制措施对西班牙人口的职业平衡产生了负面影响。职业参与减少，表现难度增加，职业表现满意度下降，习惯和常规改变。
