González-Bernal Jerónimo J, Santamaría-Peláez Mirian, González-Santos Josefa, Rodríguez-Fernández Paula, León Del Barco Benito, Soto-Cámara Raúl
Department of Health Sciences, University of Burgos, 09001 Burgos, Spain.
Department of Psychology, Faculty of Teacher Training College, University of Extremadura, 10071 Caceres, Spain.
J Clin Med. 2020 Nov 9;9(11):3606. doi: 10.3390/jcm9113606.
Abrupt interruption in the performance of everyday occupations as a consequence of forced social distancing and home confinement, coupled with a lack of regulatory capacities and skills, can trigger harmful effects on people's health and well-being. This study aimed to determine the factors related to the occupational balance in the Spanish population during home confinement as a consequence of the coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic. A total of 3261 subjects completed an online survey, which was disseminated through the mainstream social media platforms in Spain and included the Occupational Balance Questionnaire (OBQ), sociodemographic variables, and factors related to COVID-19 infection. The mean age of the participants (81.69% women) was 40.53 years (SD ± 14.05). Sociodemographic variables were related to a greater occupational balance, and the multivariate analysis showed that age (β = 0.071; = 0.001), the perception of having received enough information (β = 0.071; ≤ 0.001), not telecommuting (β = -0.047; = 0.022), and not being infected by COVID-19 (β = 0.055; = 0.007) contributed to a better occupational balance. There were profiles of people less likely to suffer disturbances in occupational balance during home confinement, but more studies are needed to help understand and analyze the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on people's occupational and mental health.
由于强制社交距离和居家隔离，加上缺乏监管能力和技能，日常工作的突然中断会对人们的健康和幸福产生有害影响。本研究旨在确定在2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行期间西班牙居家隔离人群中与职业平衡相关的因素。共有3261名受试者完成了一项在线调查，该调查通过西班牙的主流社交媒体平台进行传播，内容包括职业平衡问卷（OBQ）、社会人口统计学变量以及与COVID-19感染相关的因素。参与者的平均年龄为40.53岁（标准差±14.05），其中女性占81.69%。社会人口统计学变量与更好的职业平衡相关，多变量分析显示，年龄（β = 0.071；P = 0.001）、认为已获得足够信息（β = 0.071；P ≤ 0.001）、不远程办公（β = -0.047；P = 0.022）以及未感染COVID-19（β = 0.055；P = 0.007）有助于实现更好的职业平衡。在居家隔离期间，存在职业平衡受干扰可能性较小的人群特征，但仍需要更多研究来帮助理解和分析COVID-19大流行对人们职业和心理健康的影响。
