Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Gifu, Japan.
Graduate School of Health Sciences, Gunma University, Maebashi 371-8514, Gunma, Japan.
Nutrients. 2022 May 30;14(11):2291. doi: 10.3390/nu14112291.
Rice is the staple food in Japan and many other Asian countries, but research on rice-based diets and cardiovascular disease is limited. We aimed to evaluate the association between rice consumption as grain dishes and cardiovascular disease mortality in comparison with bread and noodle consumption. The subjects were 13,355 men and 15,724 women aged ≥35 years who enrolled in the Takayama Study. Diet intake was assessed using a validated food-frequency questionnaire. Causes of death were identified from death certificates. Cardiovascular disease was defined according to the International Classification of Diseases and Health Related Problems, 10th Revision (code I00-I99). Hazard ratios in the second, third, and highest quartiles versus the lowest quartile of rice intake for cardiovascular disease mortality were 0.98, 0.80, and 0.78 for men, respectively (trend = 0.013), but no significant association was observed among women. Rice intake was positively correlated with the intake of soy products and seaweed, and negatively correlated with the intake of meat and eggs. Neither bread nor noodles were associated with cardiovascular disease mortality. In Japan, choosing rice as a grain dish is likely to be accompanied by healthier foods as side dishes, which may have a potential role in the prevention of cardiovascular disease.
米饭是日本和许多其他亚洲国家的主食，但关于米饭饮食与心血管疾病的研究有限。我们旨在评估与面包和面条消费相比，以米饭作为谷物菜肴与心血管疾病死亡率之间的关联。研究对象为参加高山研究的 13355 名男性和 15724 名年龄≥35 岁的女性。饮食摄入量通过经过验证的食物频率问卷进行评估。死因通过死亡证明确定。心血管疾病根据国际疾病分类和健康相关问题第 10 版（代码 I00-I99）进行定义。男性心血管疾病死亡率中第二、第三和最高四分位与最低四分位的米饭摄入量的风险比分别为 0.98、0.80 和 0.78（趋势=0.013），但女性中未观察到显著相关性。米饭摄入量与豆制品和海藻的摄入量呈正相关，与肉类和蛋类的摄入量呈负相关。面包和面条均与心血管疾病死亡率无关。在日本，选择米饭作为谷物菜肴可能伴随着更健康的配菜，这可能对预防心血管疾病有一定作用。
