Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway.
Department of Community Program, Kathmandu University School of Medical Science, Dhulikhel Hospital, Kathmandu University Hospital, Dhulikhel 45200, Nepal.
Nutrients. 2022 May 31;14(11):2309. doi: 10.3390/nu14112309.
Hypovitaminosis D is prevalent worldwide, and especially in South-Asia. According to the Institute of Medicine (IOM), 25(OH)D levels below 30 nmol/L are defined as vitamin D deficiency (VDD) and levels between 30−50 nmol/L as insufficiency (VDI). Besides its role in calcium homeostasis, it has been postulated that vitamin D is involved in metabolic syndrome. Given the scarcity of data on vitamin D status in Nepal, we aimed to examine the prevalence of VDD and VDI, as well as the determinants and association with metabolic parameters (lipids, HbA1c), in a cohort of women in rural Nepal. Altogether, 733 women 48.5 ± 11.7 years of age were included. VDD and VDI were observed in 6.3 and 42.4% of the participants, respectively, and the prevalence increased by age. Women reporting intake of milk and eggs > 2 times weekly had higher 25(OH)D levels than those reporting intake < 2 times weekly. Women with vitamin D levels < 50 nmol/L displayed higher levels of cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, and HbA1c. Additionally, a regression analysis showed a significant association between hypovitaminosis D, dyslipidemia, and HbA1c elevation. In conclusion, VDI was prevalent and increased with age. Milk and egg intake > 2 times weekly seemed to decrease the risk of VDI. Moreover, hypovitaminosis D was associated with an adverse metabolic profile.
维生素 D 缺乏症在全球范围内普遍存在，特别是在南亚地区。根据美国医学研究所 (IOM) 的定义，25(OH)D 水平低于 30 nmol/L 为维生素 D 缺乏症 (VDD)，30-50 nmol/L 之间为不足 (VDI)。除了在钙稳态中的作用外，维生素 D 还被认为与代谢综合征有关。鉴于尼泊尔缺乏关于维生素 D 状况的数据，我们旨在研究农村尼泊尔妇女中 VDD 和 VDI 的流行率，以及维生素 D 状况的决定因素及其与代谢参数（血脂、HbA1c）的相关性。共有 733 名年龄为 48.5±11.7 岁的女性参与了研究。研究发现，6.3%的参与者存在 VDD，42.4%的参与者存在 VDI，且其患病率随年龄增长而增加。每周摄入牛奶和鸡蛋>2 次的女性 25(OH)D 水平高于每周摄入<2 次的女性。维生素 D 水平<50 nmol/L 的女性胆固醇、LDL 胆固醇、甘油三酯和 HbA1c 水平较高。此外，回归分析显示，维生素 D 缺乏症与血脂异常和 HbA1c 升高之间存在显著关联。总之，VDI 较为普遍，且随年龄增长而增加。每周摄入牛奶和鸡蛋>2 次似乎降低了 VDI 的风险。此外，维生素 D 缺乏与不良代谢特征相关。
